關係副詞與名詞子句分析

2011-07-25 3:43 pm
This is the church where they got married .

這裡的where句子是當關係副詞用還是名詞子句,是不是因為有了church,所以沒有疑問的存在,所以用關係副詞where取代 in church.

we didn't know when the train would arrive.
==>when the train would arrive為名詞子句
we didn't know the time when the train would arrive.
==>when the train would arrive為關係副詞

怎樣區分與使用

回答 (4)

2011-07-25 6:22 pm
✔ 最佳答案
This is the church where they got married .
這裡的where句子是當關係副詞用還是名詞子句,是不是因為有了church,所以沒有疑問的存在,所以用關係副詞where取代 in church.

是的, 有先行詞church, 後面就是關係子句(形容詞子句), where是關副.
若寫為:
Please tell me where they got married.
<--- tell是及物動詞, where子句就是名詞子句, 作為tell的受詞, where是疑問代名詞.


we didn't know when the train would arrive.
==>when the train would arrive為名詞子句
know是及物動詞, 必須有個受詞, 所以when子句就是名詞子句當受詞.

we didn't know the time when the train would arrive.
==>when the train would arrive為關係副詞
know是及物動詞, 已有個受詞the time了, 所以when子句是修飾它的關係子句, 而非名詞子句了.


請注意: 無論是關代子句或關副子句, 都是形容詞子句, 因為二者都是修飾先行詞(名詞)的. 請勿把關副子句稱為副詞子句.


2011-07-25 10:27:50 補充:
I want to go where they got married.
我要去他們結婚的地方.
go是不及物動詞, where子句是當副詞用來修飾go.
請注意這裡where子句不是關係子句, 因為沒有先行詞, where不是關副, 而是疑問副詞.
參考: 英文文法 + cavalier
2011-07-26 3:01 am
Louis大師,想請教幾個問題~~
when the train would arrive裡的when為何是當主詞補語?
The train would arrived at six o'clock.
at six o'clock不是副詞修飾動詞arrive嗎?
還是說go和arrive這種來去動詞都屬連綴動詞?
2011-07-25 11:23 pm
This is the church where they got married .

這裡的where句子是當關係副詞用還是名詞子句,是不是因為有了church,所以沒有疑問的存在,所以用關係副詞where取代 in church.

這裡的where是[關係副詞],帶出一個[形容詞子句]當名詞church的修飾語,這個形容詞子句又稱[關係子句]。
之所以稱本句的where為關係副詞,是因為在關係子句之中,它是[副詞]性質。你可以將這個句子拆開:即This is a church. They got married there.用where代替there,將第二個句子變成形容詞子句,併入第一句,成為限定性質的修飾語。
這個形容詞子句是當修飾語用,所以跟疑問句完全無關。只有當作受詞的名詞子句才有可能跟疑問句有關。

We didn't know when the train would arrive.
==>when the train would arrive為名詞子句
正確。本句when也是稱為[關係副詞],因為在附屬的名詞子句中,when屬於[副詞]性質的主詞補語。這個附屬子句是一個間接問句。
本句的when是一個[帶有先行詞的關係副詞],即when = the time when。
這種含名詞子句結構的句子可改成含形容詞子句的結構如下一句。

we didn't know the time when the train would arrive.
==>when the train would arrive為關係副詞
正確。因為本句的when在形容詞子句內也是當[副詞性]的主詞補語用,所以也是[關係副詞]。time是形容詞子句的先行詞。

怎樣區分與使用
請看上述說明。


2011-07-25 16:23:38 補充:
To Cavalier大師:

I want to go where they got married.
在上面的子句當中,where是用來修飾got married的修飾語,屬副詞性質。married是子句的主詞補語,因got是連綴動詞。
where there go married是名詞子句,當主句的主詞補語,因為go是不及物動詞,屬連綴動詞用法。where是關係副詞,因為帶出名詞子句,並在子句中當副詞用。where在此不表示疑問。

2011-07-25 21:26:01 補充:
To 有:

用來連接主詞與主詞補語的不及物動詞稱作[連綴動詞]:主要包括(1) be動詞,(2) 感官動詞和(3)帶有[保持或進入...狀態]意思的動詞.因為語意不完全,故此類動詞又稱不完全不及物動詞.

第(3)類包括appear, become, come, fall, get, go, grow, keep, lie, make, prove, remain, run, seem, stand, turn等.
請參閱<英文文法完全攻略>pp.15-17

因為許多連綴動詞也可做一般及物動詞用,這時可以用be動詞來代替,檢查其意思是否合理,合理的話,才是當連綴動詞.

2011-07-25 21:27:38 補充:
<英文文法完全攻略>是LiveABC於2008年出版.

2011-07-25 22:56:33 補充:
to 有:

...when the train would arrive這裡的疑問副詞when應係[修飾語],不是[主詞補語],因為when = at what time。此外,the train =/= when,兩者之間沒有be動詞關係。

謝謝你的熱心指正。

2011-07-25 23:08:13 補充:
更正:最後一句...when the train would arrive裡的when是副詞性質的[修飾語],不是[主詞補語]。因為train與 when之間沒有be動詞的關係。而when = at what time。動詞arrive在子句不是連綴動詞,而是完全不及物動詞。如果是...when the train would arrive here時,here才是主詞補語,即the train was here。一時失察,解釋錯誤,在此致歉。

感謝在意見欄裡提出指正的朋友:[有]。

2011-07-27 22:21:18 補充:
We didn't know the time when the train would arrive.這裡的子句when the train would arrive是形容詞性質的修飾語,修飾先行詞train
2011-07-25 5:51 pm
使用關係副詞的情況中,有先行詞the church存在:
This is the church where they got married.

另一個例子也是,先行詞the time存在:
We didn't know the time when the train would arrive.



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