英文及物和不及物動詞

英文中有些動詞後可以有受詞 (object)，例如
I give her a book.
He eats an egg everyday.
He was a movie yesterday.
We visits her every week.
He told us a joke.
這些動詞是及物動詞，transitive verb。
及物動詞是可以轉為被動式的。

有些動詞後沒有受詞，例如
The sun rises in the east.
The accident happened around 9 am.
The old man died last night.
The two world wars occurred in the last century.
這些動詞是不及物動詞，intransitive verb。
不及物動詞是沒有被動式的。

有些動詞既是及物動詞也是不及物動詞。
He rang the bell. (及物動詞)
The bell rang. (不及物動詞)

She failed in the test. (不及物動詞)
The professor failed her. (及物動詞)

一些比較容易混淆的動詞：

raise 提起; rise 昇起
He raised the cup. (及物動詞)
Smoke is rising from the chimney. (不及物動詞)

lay 放下; lie 躺下
She laid down the basket. (及物動詞)
She is lying on bed. (不及物動詞)

及物動詞係動詞之後會+個受詞
e.g. He can't decide what he should buy.
I bought a pencil yesterday.
不及物動詞即係動詞之後冇受詞
e.g. I don't want to speak because I have a sore throat.
As to where to go, they haven't decide yet.

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