名詞前或後的 present/past participle

2007-05-26 12:32 pm
可有規律排放嗎?
relaxing garden 或 garden relaxing
injured people 或 people injured
更新1:

dakuaixiong 大塊熊 [碩士級 5 級] 回答時間:2007-05-26 21:13:01 檢舉 A relaxing garden 或 A garden relaxing就意思來說兩者應沒有分別。先討論某些動詞的結構。請看以下句子, I find the lady across the street very attractive. He finds the book very interesting. I see the way, he looked at me, a bit odd.

更新2:

see 和 find等字後的賓語可以再加上個補語(complement)來充實賓語─ 令賓語有更完滿的意思。而在這類動詞的補語可以是present participle、past participle 或adjective。再者這些字通常用來表達(強調)說話者對某事物的感受。那麼可以有下面的一句。

更新3:

We all find the garden relaxing. 大家都覺得這庭園令人鬆馳。 但有時(尤其是在會話、口語)也會略掉這些動詞,而直說賓語和其補語─ A garden relaxing! 請注意relaxing 是個present participle (現在分詞)的補語。

更新4:

而 a relaxing garden中的relaxing同樣是個現在分詞,其作用有如形容詞(adjective);在英語文法,這個字relaxing起著修飾語的作用(qualifier)。 參考資料: 己見!

回答 (2)

2007-05-26 6:56 pm
✔ 最佳答案
分詞應放在名詞的前後,那就要看你所強調的是甚麼東西:
若我們把接在名詞前的分詞,和接在名詞後面的分詞做一比較,接在前面者其形容詞性質極強,接在後面且有受詞或補語並用者,其動詞性質較強。
如:singing birds(鳴鳥─會唱歌的鳥);birds singing in a tree(在樹上唱歌的鳥)
  spoken language(會話用語=口語);the language spoken in Japan(在日本使用的語言)
並且,分詞位於名詞前面時,通常表示永久持續的性質,位於名詞後面時,乃表示一時性的性質(注:通常這字是表示不一定)。如:singing birds指會鳴的鳥兒,birds singing指正在鳴叫者的鳥。
你只要記得:分詞若有受詞、補語、或副詞等並用時,通常接在名詞的後面,且此時可用關係代名詞替代之。
如:I saw a boy wearing a straw hat=I saw a boy who wore a straw hat

2007-05-26 11:01:42 補充:
relaxing garden這個relaxing並不是分詞,而是動名詞因為動名詞是用以修飾名詞,而表示其用途者居多如:a smoking room= a room for smoking但分詞是表示其「動作或狀態」如:a sleeping child = a child who is sleeping

2007-05-26 11:05:30 補充:
所以relaxing garden的relaxing是其目的、功用,指一個給人休憩的公園而injured people和people injured就要看injured後面有沒有受詞,若沒有通常用injured people,好像:an injured man;若有受詞就多用people injured,如:a man injured in the accident.
2007-05-26 1:08 pm
relaxing garden - garden that was relaxing = past
garden relaxing - garden that are relax = present

injured people - people who were injured = past
people injured - people who just injured = present
參考: me


收錄日期: 2021-04-18 22:14:17
原文連結 [永久失效]:
https://hk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070526000051KK00523

檢視 Wayback Machine 備份