Can’t use the keys “enter”, “backspace” and “upper arrow” on laptop after windows’ update, can it be fixed?

Uninstall the keyboard drivers then reinstall the drivers from the computer manufacturer.  

That's not a typical Windows Update problem, and is probably coincidental. If you have a USB or Bluetooth keyboard, you can confirm if it's a Windows problem by using the other keyboard instead.

If it's not a software problem, then it's a hardware problem, like liquid damage or a stuck key. If most other keys are working, it's probably not a stuck modifier key. Laptop keyboards are usually cheaper to replace than service. A good technician can replace it in less than 10 minutes.

try a different keyboard.