Consider a titration involving a weak acid, HA (Ka = 7.89x10-6). A standardized solution NaOH(aq) with a concentration of 0.341M is used as?

2020-12-14 10:21 am
Consider a titration involving a weak acid, HA (Ka = 7.89x10-6). A standardized solution NaOH(aq) with a concentration of 0.341M is used as the titrant.
a) If 16.73 mL of NaOH(aq) are required to titrate 20.00 mL of weak acid, what is the concentration of the weak acid?

b) 
What is the expected initial pH of the weak acid solution (before any base was added)?

c) 
What is the pH at the equivalence point of the titration?

回答 (2)

2020-12-14 11:09 am
✔ 最佳答案
a)
HA(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaA(aq) + H₂O(ℓ)
Mole ratio  HA : NaOH = 1 : 1

Moles of NaOH reacted = (0.341 mol/L) × (16.73/1000 L) = 0.005705 mol
Moles of HA required = 0.005705 mol
Concentration of HA = (0.005705 mol) / (20.00/1000 L) = 0.285 M

====
b)
Consider the dissociation of HA:
                HA(aq) + H₂O(ℓ) ⇌ H₃O⁺(aq) + A⁻(aq)    Ka = 7.89 × 10⁻⁶
Initial:      0.285 M                   0 M            0 M
Change:    -y M                      +y M         +y M
Eqm:    (0.285 - y) M               y M            y M
             ≈ 0.285 M

At eqm:
Ka = [H₃O⁺] [A⁻] / [HA]
y² / 0.285 = 7.89 × 10⁻⁶
y = √(0.285 × 7.89 × 10⁻⁶) = 1.50 × 10⁻³
pH = -log[H₃O⁺] = -log(1.50 × 10⁻³) = 2.82

====
c)
HA(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaA(aq) + H₂O(ℓ)
Mole ratio  NaOH : NaA = 1 : 1

Moles of NaOH reacted = 0.005705 mol
Moles of NaA produced = (16.73 + 20.00) mL = 36.73 mL = 0.03673 L
Concentration of HA in the final soluton = (0.005705 mol) / (0.03673 L) = 0.155 M
[A⁻] in the final solution = 0.155 M

Consider the dissociation of A⁻:
                 A⁻(aq) + H₂O(ℓ) ⇌ HA(aq) + OH⁻(aq)    Kb = (1.00 × 10⁻¹⁴)/(7.89 × 10⁻⁶)
Initial:      0.155 M                    0 M         0 M
Change:    -z M                      +z M        +z M
Eqm:     (0.155 - z) M               z M         z M
              ≈ 0.155 M

At eqm:
Ka = [H₃O⁺] [A⁻] / [HA]
y² / 0.155 = (1.00 × 10⁻¹⁴)/(7.89 × 10⁻⁶)
y = √[0.155 × (1.00 × 10⁻¹⁴)/(7.89 × 10⁻⁶)] = 1.40 × 10⁻⁵
pH = 14 + log[OH⁻] = 14 + log(1.40 × 10⁻⁵) = 9.15
2020-12-14 11:19 am
HA + NaOH = H2O +NaA

moles of NaOH at the equivalence point =  0.341 moles/ liter *0.01673 L 
=  5.70^ 10 ^-3 moles of NaOH
according to our equation these are the moles of weak acid at the equivalence point 

these are in 20.00 m so molarity = 5.70 * 10 ^-3 moles/ 0.02000L 
= 0.285 M weak acid 

[H] initially  =  SQRT(Ka*C) = SQRT(7.89x10-6 * 0.285 ) = 0.00150 M
pH = 2.82 initially 

at the equivalence point we have :

total volume = 36.73 mL so 
[HA] =  at the equivalence point 5.70 * 10 ^-3 moles / .03673 = 0.1552M

however some A - will react with the water to give an alkaline solution 
pH ~ 8.2


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