A student mistakenly calculated pH of a 1.0 x 10^-7 M HI solution to be 7.0. Explain why student is wrong and calculate correct pH.?

2020-06-17 12:10 pm
So I understand the gist of why she is wrong: solution is diluted enough to make autoionization of water relevant. However I also am aware that you cannot just multiply 10^-7 by 2, because adding HI shifts autoionization to the left, decreasing hydronium.

 I tried to add them, then took -log, and got pH = 6.69. The book answer is 6.79. I tried to do the calculation on my calculator and got an error message, perhaps due to fact that Ka of HI is 3.2E9? I'm just having trouble trying to do the calculation.
更新1:

So I actually solved it, but not by ICE method. Is there even a way to solve it using the ICE method?

回答 (2)

2020-06-17 2:00 pm
✔ 最佳答案
Solution by using ICE table:

Before autoionization of water,
initial concentration of H₃O⁺, [H₃O⁺]ₒ = 1.0 × 10⁻⁷ M

_                 2H₂O(ℓ)  ⇌  H₃O⁺(aq)  +  OH⁻(aq)  Kw = 1.0 × 10⁻¹⁴
Initial (M):       --           1.0 × 10⁻⁷          0
Change (M):   --              +y                 +y
Eqm (M):        --      (1.0 × 10⁻⁷ + y)       y

At equilibrium :
Kw = [H₃O⁺] [OH⁻]
1.0 × 10⁻¹⁴ = (1.0 × 10⁻⁷ + y) y
y² + (1.0 × 10⁻⁷)y - (1.0 × 10⁻¹⁴) = 0
y = {-(1.0 × 10⁻⁷) + √[(1.0 × 10⁻⁷) + 4×(1.0 × 10⁻¹⁴)]} / 2
y = 6.18 × 10⁻⁸

pH at equilibrium = -log[H₃O⁺] = -log[(1.0 × 10⁻⁷) + (6.18 × 10⁻⁸)] = 6.8
2020-06-17 12:48 pm
I discovered how to get answer:
[H3O][OH]=10^-14

[x+10^-7][x]=10^-14
x=6.18E-8
H3O= 6.18E-8+ 10^-7

pH=6.79

I was trying to solve it with ICE method but didn't work... I guess I needed to think outside the box. Unfortunately I had to look it up: H+ of extremely dilute strong acids.


收錄日期: 2021-04-24 07:54:26
原文連結 [永久失效]:
https://hk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20200617041052AA6hC7w

檢視 Wayback Machine 備份