help needed?
A student performs a titration using 10.00 mL of 0.1225 M HCOOH with 0.08220 M NaOH.
The Ka for formic acid, HCOOH, is 1.8x10-4
what is the ph after:
a)0.00 mL of NaOH
b)7.45 mL of NaOH
c)18.50 mL of NaOH
is added.
回答 (1)
a)
_ HCOOH(aq) + H₂O(ℓ) ⇌ HCOO⁻(aq) + H₃O⁺(aq) Ka = 1.8 × 10⁻⁴
Initial: 0.1225 M 0 M 0 M
Change: -y M +y M +y M
Eqm: (0.1225 - y) M y M y M
At equilibrium:
Ka = [HCOO⁻] [H₃O⁺] / [HCOOH]
1.8 × 10⁻⁴ = y² / (0.1225 - y)
y² + (1.8 × 10⁻⁴)y - 2.205 × 10⁻⁵ = 0
y = {-(1.8 × 10⁻⁴) + √[(1.8 × 10⁻⁴)² + 4 × (2.205 × 10⁻⁵)]} / 2
y = 4.61 × 10⁻³
pH = -log[H₃O⁺] = -log(4.61 × 10⁻³) = 2.34
====
b)
Initial moles of HCOOH = (0.1225 mol/L) × (10.00/1000 L) = 0.001225 mol
Moles of OH⁻ added = (0.08220 mol/L) × (7.45/1000 L) = 0.0006124 mol
HCOOH(aq) + OH⁻(aq) → HCOO⁻(aq) + H₂O(ℓ)
After addition of NaOH, [HCOO⁻]/[HCOOH]
= (Moles of HCOO⁻)/(Moles of HCOOH)
= 0.0006124/(0.001225 - 0.0006124)
= 0.0006124/0.0006126
≈ 1
Consider the dissociation of HCOOH:
HCOOH(aq) + H₂O(ℓ) ⇌ HCOO⁻(aq) + H₃O⁺(aq) … Ka = 1.8 × 10⁻⁴
Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH = pKa + log([HCOO⁻]/[HCOOH])
pH = -log(1.8 × 10⁻⁴) + log(1) = 3.74
====
c)
Initial moles of HCOOH = 0.001225 mol
Moles of OH⁻ added = (0.08220 mol/L) × (18.50/1000 L) = 0.001521 mol
Volume of the final solution = (10.00 + 18.50) mL = 28.50 mL = 0.02850 L
[OH⁻] in the final solution = [(0.001521 - 0.001225) mol] / (0.0285 L) = 0.0104 M
pOH = -log[OH⁻] = -log(0.0104) = 1.98
pH = pKw - pOH = 14.00 - 1.98 = 12.02
收錄日期: 2021-04-18 18:30:29
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