✔ 最佳答案
a.Refer to the diagram below.
Take g = 9.8 m/s²
Force exerted to the 2.1-kg block:
Weight of the 2.1 kg block (downward) = 2.1g
Force exerted by the 3.5-kg block (upward) = R₁
F = ma
R₁ - mg = ma
R₁ - 2.1 × 9.8 = 2.1 × 1.1
Force exerted by the 3.5-kg block on the 2.1-kg block, R₁ = 22.9 N
The two forces in blue are action and reaction repectively.
Hence, force exerted by the 2.1-kg block on the 3.5-kg block, R₁ = 22.9 N ≈ 23 N (to 2 sig. fig.)
====
b.
Force exerted to the 3.5-kg block:
Weight of the 3.5-kg block (downward) = 3.5g
Force exerted by the 2.1-kg block (downward), R₁ = 22.9 N
Force exerted by the floor of the elevator (upward) = R₂
F = ma
R₂ - R₁ - mg = ma
R₂ - 22.9 - 3.5 × 9.8 = 3.5 × 1.1
Force exerted by the floor of the elevator on the 3.5-kg block = 61 N (to 2 sig. fig.)
Alternative method:
Consider the two blocks as a whole system:
Weight of the blocks (upward) = (2.1 + 3.5)g = 5.6g
Force exerted by the floor of the elevator (upward) = R₂
F = ma
R₂ - mg = ma
R₂ - 5.6 × 9.8 = 5.6 × 1.1
Force exerted by the floor of the elevator on the 3.5-kg block = 61 N (to 2 sig. fig.)