TOMING88 謝謝妳對He left the engine running 句中running的英文解釋,妳認為running是動名詞嗎,可否用中文再釋意一下?

He left the engine running.
= He left the engine while it was running.
running是「線」，left是「點」，兩者的時間關係是：點在線上。
action動詞在使用「過去簡單式」時，發生的「時間點」比較重要。
使用「現在完成式」時，「結果」比較重要。
這裡的running的詞性屬於「現在分詞」，是「形容詞」性質，不是「動名詞」。動名詞屬「名詞」性質。

A simple word for agriculture is "farming."
The job of reporters is "writing" news stories.
上面當作「主詞補語」的~ing才是「動名詞」。
Keep "moving."這裡的主詞補語~ing才是「現在分詞」。
The noodles test "overcooked."這裡的主詞補語用的是「過去分詞」，有被動的意思。屬形容詞性質。

He leaves----S+V
the engine---direct object
to remain---infinitive phrase to the O complement
a consecutive running(adj) ; present participle, O-complement, V-ing form.

He left the engine running.  他讓引擎(繼續)運轉著.
(= He allowed the engine to remain running.)

===> "running" is a present participle (現在分詞) and it is adjectival (形容詞性質的). It represents a continuous action of the direct object of "leave" (代表受詞繼續進行中的動作)

Format: "leave" + direct object + V-ing (present participle)
note: the present participle is used as an object complement placed after the direct object.