It might be helpful to understand various theories of consciousness:
https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/consciousness/
Psychology has a similar variegated array of praxes as do the philosophies of theories of mind. The question is similar to a question asking the difference between Eastern and Western philosophy: there are varieties which overlap, mutually contradict, etc.
As Full Spectrum said, many psychologies are theory-based, hence testable in terms of isolating independent variables, etc. Philosophies are less than scientific theories, as theories are verified by atom-based factors; philosophies are even less than scientific hypotheses, which are logically developed guesses able to be tested. Philosophies are usually guesses, either untestable or testable. The overlap between testable philosophies and scientific hypotheses is: both are testable; developing of the testable philosophies are testable scientific hypotheses. This process has been the process by which sciences, first as testable hypotheses and secondly then as tested or proven (until falsified) theories, are developed.
Philosophic perspective is especially useful when a thinker takes up the more hypothetical bases of a given scientific theory, showing logical contradictions; a classic example is William of Ockham's incisive critique (using Ockham's razor, of course ;-) of Aristotle's false physics theory as motion existent beyond the kinetic object
While genius observer-philosophers in early stages of awareness are by definition of fundamental value (e.g., those philosophers who, smelling freshly baked bread from a few feet away, coming up with the idea that bread-atoms were breaking off from the heated bread and wafting through the air), as a science becomes more exact, fewer valued occasions of philosophic critiques applying to a given science are notable. With 1850-on physics, for example, the use of informed scientific hypotheses predominates, and few non-physics philosophy contributes to such specialized progress. The major value of philosophic criticism of such advanced sciences is at the fundamental level, noting erroneous assumptions of usually-lower-level physics practitioners that seek to claim infallibility for physics, when in fact there are many unknowns at the base of physis: e.g., the controversy in physics in which some claim that pure-point particles (e.g., charged leptons) are necessarily impossible, as equations without renormalizing (fudging) point-particles show the point-particles to have infinite energy.