✔ 最佳答案
There are three types of non-ionic compounds which dissolve in water.
(1) Molecules of the compounds form hydrogen bonds with water
For example, ethanol and glucose dissolve in water because the molecules of ethanol and glucose can form hydrogen bonds with water.
(2) The compounds react with water to form mobile ions
For example, hydrogen chloride and ammonia can react with water to form mobile ions.
HCl(g) + H₂O(l) → H₃O⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq)
NH₃(g) + H₂O(l) ⇌ NH₄⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq)
(3) Compounds consists of very polar molecules.
According to the "like dissolves like" rule, very polar compounds would dissolve in water which is a very polar solvent. For example, chloroform (CHCl₃) is very polar which dissolves in water. However, the solubility is not high (0.8 g / 100 ml of water at 20°C).