Do you get more money on taxes if you claim yourself as a dependent?

That depends on how much you make, what was withheld, etc. You can only claim yourself if eligible.

No. A dependent is someone whom you claim who is not you and is not married to you.

Tax year 2017 return: Only one person gets to claim an exemption for you.
A dependent child can not provide more than one half of his or her support.
This includes your rent, your food and your clothes but not your scholarships. To be a child you must be under 19. If you make the money
you get to be the guy claiming the standard deduction. If someone can claim you as a dependent do not check box 6a. Students can be under 24

You cannot be your own dependent.

Prior to 2018, there were tax deductions called "personal exemption" and "dependent exemption."
The former applied to yourself (spouses filing jointly would claim two), the latter applied mostly to your children. Otherwise they were basically identical, hence the common mistake of referring to yourself or your spouse as a "dependent." If your parents claimed you as a dependent, you could not claim the personal exemption on your own taxes.

So the result was that yes, having no one else claim you as a dependent, so you could take the personal exemption, lowered your tax.

But for the next few years, those deductions do not exist. There are some smaller credits for childcare expenses. So being a dependent or not does not affect your tax due.

You are not your own dependent.

You never actually claim yourself as a "dependent".

If you are someone's dependent, then the standard deduction you are allowed to take is LOWER which means more of your income is taxable.

If you are not someone's dependent, then you can claim the single standard deduction which is HIGHER and means you can earn more money before it becomes taxable.

How much money you actually get back for a refund or how much money you still owe in taxes depends on how much you pre-paid out of each paycheck compared to how much you actually owe based on your income level and your allowed deduction.

The example I am going to use is NOT based on current amounts - it is just meant to try to help explain.

When you are someone's dependent, and you work a job that gives a W-2 form, you can earn up to $6,300 before you owe taxes.

When you are not someone's dependent and you work a job that gives a W-2 form, you can earn up to $10,300 before you owe taxes.

Those numbers are an example based on previous years deductions.

You don't just choose to be an adult on your taxes. It is based on facts. I was a dependent until I was 22.

See IRS publication 501 and read it with your parents.