Refer to:
http://clas.sa.ucsb.edu/staff/Resource%20folder/Chem109ABC/Acid,%20Base%20Strength/Table%20of%20Acids%20w%20Kas%20and%20pKas.pdf
pKa for HF = 3.14
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A.
Let y mol be the number of moles of NaOH added.
HF + NaOH → Na⁺ + F⁻ + H₂O
After reaction:
No. of moles of HF = (0.170 mol/L) × (340/1000 L) - (y mol) = (0.0578 - y) mol
No. of moles of F⁻ = (0.170 mol/L) × (340/1000 L) + (y mol) = (0.0578 + y) mol
[F⁻]/[HF] = (No. of moles of F⁻) / (No. of moles of HF) = (0.0578 + y) / (0.0578 - y)
The dissociation of HF :
HF(aq) ⇌ H⁺(aq) + F⁻(aq) …… pKa = 3.14
Henderson-Hasselbalch equation :
pH = pKa + log([F⁻]/[HF])
4.00 = 3.14 + log{(0.0578 + y) / (0.0578 - y)}
log{(0.0578 + y) / (0.0578 - y)} = 0.86
(0.0578 + y) / (0.0578 - y) = 10⁰˙⁸⁶
(0.0578 + y) / (0.0578 - y) = 7.244
0.0578 + y = 0.4187 - 7.244y
8.244y = 0.3609
y = 0.0438
0.0438 mol of NaOH is added.
Molar mass of NaOH = (23.0 + 16.0 + 1.0) g/mol = 40.0 g/mol
Mass of NaOH added = (0.0438 mol) × (40.0 g/mol) = 1.75 g
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B.
Let Z mol be the number of moles of NaOH added.
HF + NaOH → Na⁺ + F⁻ + H₂O
After reaction:
No. of moles of HF = (0.350 mol/L) × (340/1000 L) - (z mol) = (0.119 - y) mol
No. of moles of F⁻ = (0.350 mol/L) × (340/1000 L) + (z mol) = (0.119 + y) mol
[F⁻]/[HF] = (No. of moles of F⁻) / (No. of moles of HF) = (0.119 + z) / (0.119 - z)
The dissociation of HF :
HF(aq) ⇌ H⁺(aq) + F⁻(aq) …… pKa = 3.14
Henderson-Hasselbalch equation :
pH = pKa + log([F⁻]/[HF])
4.00 = 3.14 + log{(0.119 + z) / (0.119 - z)}
log{(0.119 + z) / (0.119 - z)} = 0.86
(0.119 + z) / (0.119 - z) = 10⁰˙⁸⁶
(0.119 + z) / (0.119 - z) = 7.244
0.119 + z = 0.862 - 7.244y
8.244z = 0.743
z = 0.0901
0.0901 mol of NaOH is added.
Molar mass of NaOH = (23.0 + 16.0 + 1.0) g/mol = 40.0 g/mol
Mass of NaOH added = (0.0901 mol) × (40.0 g/mol) = 3.60 g