The "fix" is to download the windows 10 iso and reinstall it that way. Then download the cumulative update installer from the windows catalog. Sometimes windows is retarded and loops two or more updates (that undo each other). If that happens you can't fix that problem and won't be able to update until you wipe Windows 10. If you want here the catalog:
https://www.catalog.update.microsoft.com/Home.aspx
You can download the cumulative update yourself and see if it installs that way. I recommend a stable connection because the updates are usually 600-2GB in size.