✔ 最佳答案
In the question, ammonium nitrate in Nitrochalk reacts with NaOH to give ammonia gas, but calcium carbonate does not. The excess NaOH in 25 cm³ portion (total 250 cm³) is titrated against HCl.
Consider the titration of excess NaOH in 25 cm³-portion against HCl.
NaOH + HCl → NaCl+ H₂O
Mole ratio NaOH : HCl = 1 : 1
No. of moles of HCl reacted = (0.100 mol/dm³) × (30.0/1000 dm³) = 0.003 mol
No. of moles of excess NaOH in the 25.0 cm³ portion = 0.003 mol
No. of moles of excess NaOH in 250 cm³ portion = (0.003 mol) × (250/25.0) = 0.03 mol
Total number of moles of NaOH used = (2.00 mol/dm³) × (25.0/1000 dm³) = 0.05 mol
No. of moles of NaOH reacted with NH₄NO₃ = (0.05 - 0.03) mol = 0.02 mol
Consider the reaction between NaOH and NH₄NO₃ in the nitrochalk :
NH₄NO₃ + NaOH → NaNO₃ + NH₃ + H₂O
Mole ratio NH₄NO₃ : NaOH = 1 : 1
No. of moles of NaOH reacted with NH₄NO₃ = 0.02 mol
No. of moles of NH₄NO₃ in Nitrochalk = 0.02 mol
Each mole of NH₄NO₃ contains 2 moles of N.
No. of moles of N in Nitrochalk = (0.02 mol) × 2 = 0.04 mol
Molar mass of N = 14.0 g/mol
Mass of NH₄NO₃ in Nitrochalk = (0.04 mol) × (14.0 g/mol) = 0.56 g
% by mass of N in Nitrochalk = (0.56/2.00) × 100(%) = 28.0(%)