(a)
ABCD is a //gram => BC=AD
PADQ is a //gram => PQ=AD
∴ BC = PQ
(b)
ABCD is a //gram => AB // DC
PADQ is a //gram => AP // DQ
∴ taken AD as a transveral through the 2 // lines AP, DQ ; we have :
∠ BAP = ∠ CDQ ( 2 // lines, corr.∠s equal ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . (#)
ABCD is a //gram => AB = DC . . . . . . . . . . . . . ①
PADQ is a //gram => AP = DQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . ②
From (#),①,② : ∆BAP ≡ ∆CDQ ( SAS )
=> BP = CQ
& since : BC = PQ ( From result of (a) )
we have : PBCQ is a //gram ( oppo. sides equal )