You can't always tell. I inherited a mixture of genes but I think structurally I inherited many from my dad but some of my looks from my mum.
Some things are easy like hair colour, texture and type. For example. My mum had very dark Irish thick curly hair, my brother had this and his all fell out in his 20s. I have dark hair but it's very silky thick and straight which is the hair type of my dad.
You would have to analyze the DNA of both parents and the child to know anything about who the child inherited any particular gene from. I am not sure why it would matter since it is roughly 50/50.