Chemistry help please calculating number of atoms in given grams of atom?

2017-02-17 9:53 am
A. Determine the number of sulfur atoms in 1.00 kg of hydrogen sulfide

B. Determine the number of hydrogen atoms in 1.00 lg of hydrogen sulfide

C. calculate the mass of potassium carbonate that contains 1.00 million of oxygen atoms

回答 (1)

2017-02-17 10:19 am
A.
Molar mass of H₂S = (1.0×2 + 32.1) g/mol = 34.1 g/mol
No. of moles of H₂S = (1.00 × 1000 g) / (34.1 g/mol) = 1000/34.1 mol

Avogadro constant = 6.022 × 10²³ /mol
No. of H₂S molecules = (1000/34.1 mol) × (6.022 × 10²³ /mol) = (6.022 × 10²⁶)/34.1

Each H₂S molecule contains 1 S atom.
No. of S atoms = [(6.022 × 10²⁶)/34.1] = 1.77 × 10²⁵


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B.
As in A, no. of H₂S molecules = (6.022 × 10²⁶)/34.1

Each H₂S molecule contains 2 H atoms.
No. of H atoms = [(6.022 × 10²⁶)/34.1] × 2 = 3.53 × 10²⁵


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C.
Each formula unit of K₂CO₃ contains 3 O atoms.
No. of formula units of K₂CO₃ = 1000000/3

Avogadro constant = 6.022 × 10²³ /mol
No. of moles of K₂CO₃ = (1000000/3) / (6.022 × 10²³ /mol) = 5.535 × 10⁻¹⁹ mol

Molar mass of K₂CO₃ = (39.0×2 + 12.0 + 16.0×3) g/mol = 138.0 g/mol
Mass of K₂CO₃ = (5.535 × 10⁻¹⁹ mol) × (138.0 g/mol) = 7.64 × 10⁻¹⁷ g


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