✔ 最佳答案
The following substances have the same normality and molarity :
(1) a monoprotic acid which dissociates to give 1 mole of hydronium ions when 1 mole of such acid is used..
For example, HCl and CH₃COOH.
(2) a base which dissociates to give 1 mole of hydroxide ions when 1 mole of such base is used.
For example, NaOH and NH₃.
(3) an ionic compound which contains a singly-charged anion and a singly-charged cation.
For example, NaCl and KNO₃
(4) a substance which reacts with a compound in (1), (2) or (3) above in mole ratio 1 : 1.
For example, NH₄Cl reacts with NaOH in mole ratio 1 : 1. Then, the normality of NH₄Cl is equal to its molarity.
NH₄Cl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O + NH₃
(5) in redox reaction, an oxidizing agent which gained one mole of electrons for each mole of such oxidizing agent used.
For example, iron(III) chloride in redox reaction
Fe³⁺(aq) + e⁻ → Fe²⁺
(6) in redox reaction, a reducing agent which loses one mole of electrons for each mole of such reducing agent used.
For example, potassium iodide in redox reaction
I⁻(aq) → (1/2)I2(aq) + e⁻