What is the volume of 6.0M sulfuric acid needed to neutralize the excess hydroxide?

2016-10-14 3:59 am
Assuming that you began with 1.00g of Al, and then used 25.00mL of 3.0M KOH. Determine the amount of 6.0M sulfuric acid that is needed to neutralize the excess hydroxide.

回答 (1)

2016-10-14 5:26 am
✔ 最佳答案
Molar mass of Al = 27.0 g/mol

Consider the reaction of Al with KOH :
2Al + 2KOH + 6H₂O → 2K[Al(OH)₄] + 3H₂
OR: Mole ratio Al : KOH = 2 : 2 = 1 : 1

Initial number of moles of Al = (1.00 g) / (27 g/mol) = 0.037 mol
Initial number of moles of KOH = (3.0 mol/L) × (25.00/1000 L) = 0.075 mol > 0.037 mol
Hence, KOH is in excess, and Al is the limiting reactant (limiting reagent).

Number of moles of KOH reacted = Number of moles of Al reacted = 0.037 mol
Number of moles of excess KOH = (0.075 - 0.037) mol = 0.038 mol

Consider the reaction of excess KOH and H₂SO₄ :
2KOH + H₂SO₄ → K₂SO₄ + 2H₂O
OR: Mole ratio KOH : H₂SO₄ = 2 : 1

Number of moles of KOH reacted = 0.038 mol
Number of moles of H₂SO₄ needed = (0.038 mol) × (1/2) = 0.019 mol
Volume of H₂SO₄ needed = (0.019 mol) / (6.0 mol/L) = 0.0032 L = 3.2 mL


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