✔ 最佳答案
With great difficulty. Bacteria are incredibly good at surviving many different environmental and chemical strains.
Take antibiotics for example. Antibiotics work by stopping key roles in the bacterial cell that allows it to grow and reproduce (maybe effect DNA replication or the strength of the cell wall). However, when people do not take a full prescription of antibiotics as they think they feel better again they are actually giving the bacteria a chance to mutate so that they are no longer killed by the antibiotic. In effect we are selecting for the strongest bacteria that can survive the antibiotic. There are many survival mechanism the bacteria could use (e.g. make a pump to remove the antibiotic from the cell or altering proteins so the antibiotic no longer binds to them). This population of antibiotic resistant bacteria will then spread as they can now live in antibiotic conditions that others cannot. Over a number of years you will find that these antibiotic resistant bacteria become the norm.