Consider the following statements: (1) Fe2 is easily oxidized to Fe3 ; and (2) Mn2 is difficult to oxidize to Mn3 . On the basis of electron configurations of the ions, explain this difference in ease in oxidation by selecting all true statements.
1.Fe2 is easy to oxidize to Fe3 because removing the electron results in a half filled d subshell.
2. Mn2 is difficult to oxidize to Mn3 because Mn2 has a half filled d subshell and by removing an electron the d subshell of Mn3 is not half filled.
3. Fe2 is easy to oxidize to Fe3 because ions with an odd charge are most stable for atoms with an even atomic number.
4. Mn2 is difficult to oxidize to Mn3 because ions with an even charge are most stable for atoms with an odd atomic number.
5. Plus three cations are most stable for all atoms starting with the letters A - L, while plus two cations are most stable for all atoms starting with the letters M - Z.
Fe2 is easily oxidized to Fe3 ; and Mn2 is difficult to oxidize to Mn3 . Explain?
2016-06-13 7:45 am
回答 (2)
2016-06-18 12:50 pm
✔ 最佳答案
2. is answer the 2 4s electrons are striped and then you have that stable half filled d shell
2016-06-13 7:58 am
Electronic configurations :
Fe²⁺: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁶
Fe₃⁺: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁵
Mn²⁺: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁵
Mn³⁺: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁴
3d subshell would exhibit extra stability if it is half-filled. Due to the extra stability of the half-filled 3d subshell, Fe³⁺ is more stable than Fe²⁺, and Mn²⁺ is more stable than Mn³⁺.
When Fe²⁺ is converted to Fe³⁺, the extra stability of half-filled 3d subshell is attained. Therefore, it is easy.
When Mn²⁺ is converted to Mn³⁺, the extra stability of half-filled 3d subshell is lost. Therefore, it is difficult.
...... The answer is: 1. Fe²⁺ is easy to oxidize to Fe³⁺ because removing the electron results in a half filled d subshell.
Fe²⁺: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁶
Fe₃⁺: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁵
Mn²⁺: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁵
Mn³⁺: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁴
3d subshell would exhibit extra stability if it is half-filled. Due to the extra stability of the half-filled 3d subshell, Fe³⁺ is more stable than Fe²⁺, and Mn²⁺ is more stable than Mn³⁺.
When Fe²⁺ is converted to Fe³⁺, the extra stability of half-filled 3d subshell is attained. Therefore, it is easy.
When Mn²⁺ is converted to Mn³⁺, the extra stability of half-filled 3d subshell is lost. Therefore, it is difficult.
...... The answer is: 1. Fe²⁺ is easy to oxidize to Fe³⁺ because removing the electron results in a half filled d subshell.
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