HF can form KHF2 but HCl cant why?

2016-06-07 9:24 am

回答 (2)

2016-06-07 3:15 pm
F is a very electronegative atom. In H-F molecule, due to the great difference in electronegative, most of the electron clouds of the shared pair of electrons are drawn towards F, and thus the H-F bond (ᵟ⁺H-Fᵟ⁻) is very polar. Since the H atom has no inner shell of electrons, its nucleus is unusually “bare” and is attracted to by a hydrogen bond to a lone pair of electrons on F⁻ dissociated from KF.
F⁻ + H-F → [F⋯H-F]⁻

The full equation can then be written as :
KF + HF → KHF₂

However, the electronegativity of Cl is lower than that of F, and Cl/Cl⁻ has one more electronic shell than F/F⁻. No hydrogen bond is formed between Cl⁻ and H-Cl. Therefore, no KHCl₂ can be formed from HCl.
2016-06-07 2:32 pm
Cl cannot hydrogen bond.


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