✔ 最佳答案
It is NOT necessary to soak any beans before cooking them. It'll just take a little longer to cook them to the softened stage. Many people do 4-8 hr presoaks or "quick soak" for an hour after boiling 2 minutes, but it is definitely not necessary. Some people feel that presoaking then throwing out that water will prevent intestinal problems that some people get, but that isn't even proved for most people. Tossing out presoak water can also lead to less flavor in the bean liquid if it would have been used in soup or stew, etc.
Check out more current thinking on all that from the chef and food scientist Kenji Alt-Lopez (and some before him) starting here:
http://www.seriouseats.com/2014/09/soaking-black-beans-faq.html
(He later did these tests with other kinds of beans with the same results, btw).
Of course, *red kidney beans* should always be cooked at high enough heat to kill a toxin that they contain, regardless of whether they've been presoaked or not.
P.S. I pressure cook my dry beans for the easiest way to do it. Even the densest beans like chickpeas take only a little over one hour from start to finish cooked that way (the pressure cooking part is usually only 30 min + 15 min to come up to pressure + 20 or so for "natural pressure release"--just leaving the lid on till the pressure disspates naturally).
Oh, and never used "pickling spice" in my beans, but the old saw about never adding salt to beans before they're softened has been proved untrue. (Pickling spice is pickling salt, meaning no iodine or anti-caking agents, with whichever herbs/spices/etc a company wants to add.)