What effect would it have on earth if took 282 days to revolve around the sun?

You are hypothesizing Earth having the same distance from the sun and days lasting 24 hours, but a year of only 282 days instead of 365. I ignore the reason you chose the number 282, but let me assume you only wanted any number, chosen casually, that would not be far less than 365.
The four seasons would be shorter: 282 ÷ 4 (seasons) = 70.5 days each instead of just over 90.
But the impact would be much more noticeable, in that since there would be less days in a season, they would not "act" as they usually do. There would only be warm weather in the summer and a cool one in the winter, sort of the temperate climate at the tropics. The reason? There wouldn't be enough time for Earth to become hot in the summer; autumn and winter being around the corner. And not enough time for winter to become too cold for spring and summer will also be on their way soon.

In order for Earth to revolve around the Sun in only 282 days, but at the same orbital radius, the Sun would have to be considerably more massive than it currently is, specifically, about 1.68 times more massive, if I've done my math correctly. But if the Sun were 1.68 times more massive than it currently is, then it would also be about 8 times more luminous, meaning it would put out 8 times more energy. Earth would be a baked cinder.

I hope that helps. Good luck!

Thank you all for your responses! They are greatly appreciated! I'm working on a project and I have the setting figured. Just having some trouble with the "mechanics" to make it some what realistic, I guess you could say. Thank you again.

If the earth were to remain in its current but faster orbit it would be flung either further out into the solar system or be ejected from it.