數學絕對值計算

2015-07-11 9:24 pm
丨ax+2丨〈=b且b>=0。3<=x<=21,求a,b

回答 (2)

2015-07-11 10:05 pm
✔ 最佳答案
|ax+2|<=b且b>==0,3<=x<=21,求a,b
Sol
(3+21)/2=12
3<=x<=21
3-12<=x-12<=21-12
-9<=x-12<=9
|x-12|<=9
|-x+12|<=9
(1/6)|-x+12|<=3/2
|-x/6+2|<=3/2
a=-1/6,b=3/2


2015-07-11 10:22 pm
|ax+2|≦ b , 可推得:
-b ≦ ax+2 ≦ b .....(1式)

以 a 之值來討論,有三種情況:

(1) 當 a = 0
代入|ax+2|≦ b , 可推得:
b ≧ 2

(2) 當 a > 0
因為 3 ≦ x ≦ 21
所以 3a ≦ ax ≦ 21a
3a+2 ≦ ax+2 ≦ 21a+2
上式 比對 (1式) 得:
3a+2 = -b .....(3式)
21a+2 = b .....(4式)
(3式) + (4式) 得:
24a + 4 = 0
a = - 1/6 , 與假設a > 0矛盾,故此情況時無解.

(3) 當 a < 0
因為 3 ≦ x ≦ 21
所以 3a ≧ ax ≧ 21a
即 21a ≦ ax ≦ 3a
21a+2 ≦ ax+2 ≦ 3a+2
上式 比對 (1式) 得:
21a+2 = -b .....(5式)
3a+2 = b .....(6式)
(5式) + (6式) 得:
24a + 4 = 0
a = - 1/6
代回(6式)得:
b = 3a+2 = 3(-1/6) + 2 = -1/2 + 2 = 3/2

Ans:
a = 0 , b ≧ 2

a = - 1/6 , b = 3/2

(幾何意義: 解為 一射線 與 一點 的聯集)


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