六個例句產生的文法問題,進行式現在式現在完成式

2015-06-12 8:50 am
1.
1-1. I have a severe headache and i need some medicine.(我的頭痛得很厲害,我需要一點藥。)
1.2. I have got the flu.(我得了流行性感冒。)
1-3. Can you help me? I have a cold.(你能幫我嗎?我感冒了。)
1-4. I've got some medicine.(我吃了一些藥。)

文法書以前讀過但在看了大量例子後,
有點不太確定'簡單現在式'跟'現在完成式'各要用的時機?
我以為這上面四個都是相同的狀況,應該都用現在式或者現在完成式,可是有些是用現在式有些是用現在完成式,不是很了解為什麼?

2.
Dennis is seeing the doctor because she has eye trouble.
(Dennis有眼睛方面的問題,所以要去看醫生)
這裡為甚麼要用進行式?我的話可能會用be going to V這裡的進行式是表未來式的用法嗎?不是很確定。

3.
3-1 Is there any treatment you use?
3-2 was there any treatment you use?
(你有接受過任何治療?)
上面兩句的差異是一個正在治療?一個是問以前的治療方式嗎?

4.
I really hate being sick.(我真的很討厭生病)
為什麼不能寫I really hate to be sick?

5.
He's been in the hospital with cancer.
He is beening in the hospital (for cancer.)
這兩句一樣嗎?在不同地方看到的但我感覺好像是差不多的意思?不是很確定,如果不是的話差別在哪裡呢?

6.
no wonder They are getting so fat.
常常看到get怎樣怎樣,get後面家形容詞什麼的,是表什麼意思?到底是哪個文法用法?以前好像沒學好,每次看到都只能硬記而已...

以上六個問題懇請求解,以前學的文法漏洞,在大量閱讀後疑問都跑出來了,只好上來請網友求解,謝謝

回答 (4)

2015-06-12 10:49 am
✔ 最佳答案

(1)The simple present tense is an eternal truth,general facts, habits, abilities,to express future actions in adverb clauses of time and conditions.
Verbs of perceptions are found:-feel,notice, recognise, smell, hear, observe, see.
(2)Present continuous tense can be used to show actions in future time, when definite arrangements have been made.
(3)The present perfect denotes present results of past action.Note words ever, never, for, and since are used.When actions are completed recently,"just" and "already" are used.
The answers to six grammar questions are:-
(1-1):-have---need---=present tense
(1-2):-have got=present perfect
(1-3):-can help----.have=present---in verbs of perception
(1-4):-I've got=present perfect=eg:-Dosage taken by me is 3x4 per day for a week.
(2)be going to V= Dennis is seeing/Or
eg:-I am going to (climb a Mt.) tomorrow.=V
(3)treatment is---->present
It seems verbs of perception are used for now:and yesterday:-eg:-on
feel,notice,recognise, smell, hear, observe, see etc.
The treatments include:-Biochemistry, Haematology, Microbiology, Ultrasonogram, X-Ray, Miscellaneous.
(4)really hate being sick=verbs of perception:-feeling/seeing/being/passive voice,present tense
=I am sick-----active voice
(5)He has been=present perfect, passive
is being seen---->passive;verb of perception=seeing, feeling
(6)--are getting=getting =present participle
Only idiomatic uses with adverbial participles and prepositions are used:-
get about---He's getting about again after his illness.
get above oneself:-have too high an opinion of oneself
get something across(to somebody)=I spoke slowly, but my joke didn't get across to the people standing across.
get ahead:-get ahead of my class-mates.
get along:-How are you getting along?
be getting at(colloquial)be implying:be trying to say:-What are you getting at ?
2015-06-13 7:27 am
have got = have 說話者其實沒有使用完成式的意圖。他若要用完成式,說法會類似 I have had the flu for a week.。 have got 只是口語的 have,是現在式。
2015-06-12 9:33 pm
1.
1-1. I have a severe headache and i need some medicine.(我的頭痛得很厲害,我需要一點藥。)

have/need都是state verb,表示目前的狀況時,用「現在簡單式」。
如果是action verb時,目前在發生的動作是用「現在進行式」,屬於習慣或不受時間影響而不同的才用「現在簡單式」。

1.2. I have got the flu.(我得了流行性感冒。)

get是action verb,有發生的時間點,表示結果時(發生的時間點不如結果重要),用「現在完成式」。

1-3. Can you help me? I have a cold.(你能幫我嗎?我感冒了。)

have是state verb,用「現在簡單式」表示這是目前的狀況。

1-4. I've got some medicine.(我吃了一些藥。)
「現在完成式」,結果重要。

2.
Dennis is seeing the doctor because she has eye trouble.
(Dennis有眼睛方面的問題,所以要去看醫生)
這裡為甚麼要用進行式?我的話可能會用be going to V這裡的進行式是表未來式的用法嗎?不是很確定。

這是用「現在進行式」表示「不久將發生」或「計畫中預定要如此做」。在形式上是「現在進行式」,但在語意上是「未來式」。未來式相等語還有:be going to ...; be about to ...; be to ...等。

3.
3-1 Is there any treatment you use?
3-2 was there any treatment you use?
(你有接受過任何治療?)
上面兩句的差異是一個正在治療?一個是問以前的治療方式嗎?

is是state verb,用「現在簡單式」才是指目前有無,用「過去簡單式」則指過去有無。但本句的問法可能用Have you received any treatment?較適切。

4.
I really hate being sick.(我真的很討厭生病)
為什麼不能寫I really hate to be sick?

用「動名詞片語」或「不定詞片語」在本句都正確,但語意會不同:動名詞指當下,不定詞指未來。

5.
He's been in the hospital with cancer.
He is being in the hospital (for cancer.)
這兩句一樣嗎?在不同地方看到的但我感覺好像是差不多的意思?不是很確定,如果不是的話差別在哪裡呢?

has been是「現在完成式」,曾住過醫院,但現在可能出院回家了。
is being是「現在進行式」,這只是目前暫時的狀況。
通常會用「現在簡單式」來說這句話。

6.
no wonder They are getting so fat.
常常看到get怎樣怎樣,get後面家形容詞什麼的,是表什麼意思?到底是哪個文法用法?以前好像沒學好,每次看到都只能硬記而已...

get是action verb,用「現在進行式」表示這是一個目前一直在進行當中的過程:日漸增重。get +形容詞時,get是不完全不及物動詞,後面的形容詞是「主格補語」。
2015-06-12 3:59 pm
1.
1-1. I have a severe headache and i need some medicine.(我的頭痛得很厲害,我需要一點藥。)
1.2. I have got the flu.(我得了流行性感冒。)
1-3. Can you help me? I have a cold.(你能幫我嗎?我感冒了。)
1-4. I've got some medicine.(我吃了一些藥。)

'簡單現在式表示一個事實'而'現在完成式表示動作已持續一段時間
2.
Dennis is seeing the doctor because she has eye trouble.
(Dennis有眼睛方面的問題,所以要去看醫生)

感官動詞 (hear, see, watch, feel)一般不用進行式,但強調行為由自己主導就可使用,例如I am feeling so sad.
3.1 Is there any treatment you use?
3-2 was there any treatment you use?
(你有接受過任何治療?)
上面兩句的差異是一個正在治療?一個是問以前的治療方式嗎?
正確
4.
I really hate being sick.(我真的很討厭生病)
為什麼不能寫I really hate to be sick?
being動名詞表示同時發生,若用to be sick表示尚未發生,語意不符
5.
He's been in the hospital with cancer.
He is beening in the hospital (for cancer.)
這兩句一樣嗎?在不同地方看到的但我感覺好像是差不多的意思?不是很確定,如果不是的話差別在哪裡呢?
此處be動詞屬靜態動詞(static verb)不能用進行式,類似動詞如own,have--------
6.
no wonder They are getting so fat.此處get=become是連繫動詞(linking verb)後面跟形容詞當主詞補語氣
你上述問題都與動詞使用有關,請查相關書籍


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