問以下英文句子的GRAMMER

1) You should not expect (that) everything always goes well.

"that everything always goes well" is a noun clause, functioning as the object of the transitive verb "expect". (the conjunction "that" can be omitted in spoken and informal written English)

以上句子結構 : S + V + O

2) It is worth mentioning that the club members concerned were recognized as they were in school uniform.

Yahoo dictionary :
"concerned" ~ is an adjective, when means "involved in something or affected by it" 〔與某事〕有關的﹐有牽連的 cannot be placed before noun [不用於名詞前].

"in" ~ is a preposition, where "in something" means "wearing something" 穿着; 穿戴

3) Obesity is a major disease (that is) prevalent among children.

"prevalent" is an adjective, but unlike "concerned" in (2), which can be placed before noun (attributive) or placed after noun (predicative).

The sentence is the result of a "reduction of relative clause".

"that is prevalent among children" is a relative clause (adjectival) modifying the noun "disease". The clause can be reduced by removing the relative pronoun and the linking verb to become an adjectival phrase, with no difference in meaning.

Other example of reduction of relative clause:
~ I live in a building which has forty storeys. (relative clause)
~ I live in a building having forty storeys. (reduction to participle phrase)

2015-05-17 04:24:13 補充：
代名詞的省略 (omit, leave out):
who/which/that 如作為子句的主語 subject，不能省略。whom/which/that 作為 object，可以省略。

relative clause 的簡化 (reduction):
who/which/that 如作為子句的主語 subject，可以簡化。省略代名詞，主動詞變為分詞。如主動詞為系動詞後跟 "predicative 形容詞"，則系動詞(linking)也可省略。

2015-05-17 04:54:27 補充：
以 "predicative 形容詞"為首的 形容詞短語 繼續留在名詞之後，單一形容詞，可作為attributive的 則放在名詞之前，不可作為attributive的，則留在名詞之後，系動詞的分詞不可省略。。

e.g a man who is fat = a man being fat ==> a fat man (after reduction)

e.g a lady who was alone ==> a lady being alone (after reduction)

2015-05-18 13:33:50 補充：
"prevalent among children" 是adjective phrase, 單字當然不是phrase

prevalent + among 介詞
prevalent + in 介詞

2015-05-18 13:34:07 補充：
更多adjective phrase的應用例子:

She was a person "accustomed to having eight hours' sleep a night". (牛津辭典)
accustomed + to 介詞

Ocean Park is a place always crowded with tourists.
crowded + with 介詞

2015-05-19 03:12:29 補充：
修正:
單一形容詞，可作為attributive的 則放在名詞之前，不可作為attributive的，則不可"簡化"。
a man who is fat = a fat man (after reduction)
a lady who was alone (no reduction)

I go to park

a lady who was alone = a lone lady ? (Maybe)

取自劍橋字典
"lone adjective [before noun]
alone

alone adjective [after verb], adverb
without other people

alone adjective [after noun]
without any others"

Word origin
alone ~ Middle English from "all + one"
lone ~ shortening of alone

1) 這屬於noun clause
You should not expect (that) everything always goes well.

可參考：
http://www.npc.edu.hk/staff/~ngtungying/english_grammar/lessons/lesson30.htm