reduced relative clause 兩問

ka chung

2015-03-28 5:39 am

問題1, 有關present participle:
我知道relative clause 有relative pronoun + be +pp,就可變成reduced relative clause
e.g : There are two students who are waiting outside.
變成 There are two students waiting outside.

但跟住呢句就唔明:
My parent, who didn't have much money, never went on holiday.
變成 My parent, not having much money, never went on holiday.

點解原句無be 又無pp都可變有pp 的 reduced relative clause ?

--------------------------------------------------------------------

問題2, 有關prefect passive:
例句1: The strawberries which had been dipped in chocolate were really delicious.
變成 The strawberries dipped in chocolate were really delicious.
(omit左 which had been)

例句2: We are concerned about people who have been held in prison for years.
變成 We are concerned about people having been held in prison for years.
(who have 變左 having)

點解有兩種變法?

回答 (1)

Duncan

2015-03-28 9:19 am

✔ 最佳答案

Reduction of relative clause:

1. If "verb to be" is used after a relative pronoun we can omit "Relative Pronoun + verb to be".

There are two students waiting outside. (your example is correct)

2. When the verb “have” meaning possession, we can omit relative pronoun and “have” and use with(+) or without(-).

My parent, without much money, never went on holiday.

3. We can use "perfect passive participle" (having been + past participle) when it is related to passive-explaining something happened before the others.

The strawberries having been dipped in chocolate were really delicious.

We are concerned about people having been held in prison for years.

2015-03-30 11:47:42 補充：
Relative clause functions as "adjective" to modify the noun or pronoun placed in front. When a relative clause is reduced, it normally becomes a participle phrase (adjectival) modifying the same noun or pronoun.

eg. 1. "waiting outside" is a participle phrase modifying "student".

👍 0 👎 0