dse chem

2015-03-22 5:02 am
1. (CH3)3COH + conc. HCl ------------> (CH3)3CCl

Why two layers of liquids can be observed in the reaction mixture after shaking? Why they are not miscible?

2. What is the chemical equation of dilute HNO3 + Ag?

3.Why the reaction of neutralization cannot be represented by H+ + OH- -----> H2O(l) ?

4.Why sorbic acid cannot undergo addition reaction?
更新1:

H+(aq) + OH-(aq) -----> H2O(l) Can the reaction of neutralization be represented in this way?

回答 (1)

2015-03-22 7:08 am
✔ 最佳答案
1.
It separates into aqueous layer and the chloroalkane layer.
Notice that conc. HCl contains a lot of water.
HCl is miscible with water.
(CH3)3COH is an alcohol, which forms extensive H-bond with water molecules. It is thus soluble in water.
(CH3)3CCl is a haloalkane, which cannot form H-bond with water. Plus its dipole moment is small. Its solubility in the very polar solvents like water is low.

Thus two immiscible layers of liquid are formed.


2.
Write the half ionic equations first if you're not familiar with balancing redox equations.
i. Ag ------> Ag(+) + e-
ii. NO3(-) + 4H(+) + 3e- ------> NO + 2H2O
Combining the two equations:
NO3(-) + 4H(+) + 3Ag ------> NO + 2H2O + 3Ag(+)


3.
Have you missed the state symbol of H+ and OH- ?

4.

圖片參考:https://s.yimg.com/rk/HA00075708/o/1303089713.jpg

It should undergo addition reactions.
Is this question complete? If not, post the complete question so that we can discuss.

Out of syllabus content follows:
The conjugation of alkenes (alternating C-C and C=C) and the carboxyl group nearby reduce the reactivity of the C=C.
Yet addition reaction should not be a problem.


2015-03-23 01:59:10 補充:
It depends. Notice that there're many insoluble hydroxides and oxides that can undergo neutralization. Formula of these compounds cannot be broken down in ionic equations.


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