base on be based on 分別

(1) base on 與 be based on 的分別
知識長在意見欄已經講的很清楚。其實，在意義和用法上，他們沒多大的區別。

"base" is a verb. (常用被動態)

phrase verb:
主動態: base [A] on [B] : 以 [A] 作為 [B] 的基礎/根據
被動態: [A] is based (by the subject) on [B]

Example:
The producers base the film on a novel by Sinclair Lewis.
The film is based on a novel by Sinclair Lewis. 該影片是根據辛克萊•劉易斯的小說改編的。


"based" is an adjective. (not before noun)

From Oxford Dictionary:
[A] is based on [B]. 基於，以…為根據
[A] uses [B] or [A] is developed from [B].

Example:
The movie is based on a real-life incident.


(2) adverb "even" 副詞

但副詞不是不能 "跟"名詞的嗎??

你說得對，副詞是不會直接"修飾"名詞的。但副詞有許多種，除了基本功能 (修飾
動詞，形容詞和副詞) 外，有些會修飾整個句子，有些會修飾句子某些部分。所以，你要看清楚，必須確認你所說"跟"的意思！


"even", a kind of Focusing Adverb* (e.g. also, too, just, only, simply, ...), is mainly used to emphasize unexpected (強調意想不到的) or extraordinary details.

* - "focusing adverbs" draw attention to particular information in a clause. (使讀者知道哪些信息是重要)


Your sentence is not completely correct.
1. "put" something + adverb ==> "put" my flag "on" my dead body
2. You have to use "even + if" as a connective 連詞 for the adverbial clause of concession (讓步句).

Even if you cover my dead body with my flag, I'll never quit.

(even if 即使,盡管,縱然 — a situation that has no conditions.)
= I'll never quit "whether or not" you cover my dead body with my flag.

2014-08-14 00:56:42 補充：
不知道 "Godfrey 博士" 已經回答，否則我沒必要回答哩！

2014-08-14 01:31:50 補充：
Focusing adverbs can be replaced by other adverbs.

Example:
Even the dog refused to eat it. ("even" is used to emphasize "the dog")
~ Surprisingly, the dog refused to eat it.

2014-08-14 01:46:51 補充：
"even" can also be additive in function like also, as well, too.

The sentence implies humans will certainly refuse to eat it.

I refused to eat it. You refused to eat it.
The dog will certainly refuse to eat it, too.

2014-08-14 03:36:13 補充：
I refused to eat it.
You refused to eat it.
He refused to eat it.

Even the dog refused to eat it.
~ The dog refused to eat it, too.
~ Surprisingly, the dog also refused to eat it.

2014-08-14 08:55:22 補充：
I think the logic for Oxford Learner's Dictionary to consider "based" (on something) as adjective (verbal adjective) is:

1. its derived phrasal verb "base on" is often used in passive (without agent);

2014-08-14 09:11:43 補充：
2. since participle is considered as verbal adjective, the past part. of "base on" can be formulated as adj. but limited to predicative only (i.e. not before noun)

As the meaning and the use are exactly the same as phrasal verb (no agent), 其他字典 just don't bother to mention it. 沒有必要!

2014-08-14 10:32:05 補充：
Written by Eugene R. Moutoux

In particular cases, it can be difficult to differentiate between participles and mere adjectives. One of the criteria is the consensus of dictionaries. If most dictionaries show hurt, for example, as an adjective, then it is an adjective in a sentence like He is hurt.

2014-08-14 10:35:15 補充：
Of course, it is a participle when used as part of the passive voice, e.g., Ten firemen were hurt when the roof collapsed.

Another criterion is replaceability:
If tired in a sentence like "We are tired" can be replaced by another adjective of the same meaning, then it is an adjective.

2014-08-14 10:36:56 補充：
Yes, it can, in fact, be replaced by weary, a pure adjective. So, tired in "We are tired" is an adjective.

2014-08-14 10:47:43 補充：
All true passive-voice forms have a functioning past participle as a component. A static (or false) passive, on the other hand, includes a past participle that functions as a simple adjective.

Notice the use of the word closed in the following sentences:

2014-08-14 10:48:34 補充：
1) At the beginning of the period, the classroom door is closed by the teacher;
2) The door is closed until the end of the period.

The first closed is a true participle, part of the present passive is closed. The second closed is a predicate adjective after the linking verb is.

2014-08-14 10:51:35 補充：
It is important to keep in mind that in the passive voice something is happening. Nothing is happening in the sentence "The door is closed until the end of the period".

Eugene R. Moutoux wrote on "Participles" in "GERMAN *** LATIN *** ENGLISH".

BASE ON (verbal phrase) ~ usually passive

~ to form, make, or develop (something, such as an opinion, decision, or calculation) by using (something, such as information) as a basis, starting point, etc.

(1) Phrase Pattern: Someone base(s) something on something (active voice)

You have based your opinion on faulty information. = Your opinion is based on faulty information.
[= the information that you used to form your opinion is wrong]

I base my designs on Roman mosaics.

(2) Pattern: Something is/was on something (passive voice)
Most of the time, this phrase is used in passive form.

The interest rate is based on credit history. [= credit history is used to determine the interest rate]

The film is based on real-life events. [=the film was developed from real-life events]

The island's economy is based on tourism.

Even 副詞 (adverb), 可跟名詞 noun, pronoun

Even the dog refused to eat it.
Yesterday he bought a new car. (Yesterday 是副詞)

Comment:

其實中文要點, 意見者 知足常樂 ( 知識長 ) 解釋很清晰
看見回答者 001錯, 我只不過補充

base (不是 based) 可作 adjective, base (adj.) = 卑鄙的,低級的
based 不是 adjective
What are you base this theory on ~ 錯

"The report is based on police figures. (based 是 past participle, 不是 adjective, 句子是 in passive voice)





2014-08-14 06:10:52 補充：
Based 被列為 adjective, 只在 Oxford Advaned Learner's Dictionary (8th edition) 與 Yahoo 字典
我想是近10-12 年的事
奇怪是:
牛津高阶英汉双解词典(第7版)無將 based 列為形容詞
其他的牛津字典仍然沒有
1. Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd edition, 2003) hard copy
2. Oxford Dictionary of Current English
3. Canadian Oxford Dictionary ( 2001)

2014-08-14 06:13:09 補充：
4. Oxford Student Dictionary (3rd edition, 2012)
5. Oxford ESL Dictionary (2nd edition, 2012)
6. Oxford Wordpower Dictionary (4th edition, 2012)

其他出版者無列 based 是形容詞
Cambrisge Advanced Learner's Dictionary (3rd edition)
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (5th edition)

2014-08-14 06:17:09 補充：
還有:
Collins Cobuild, MacMillan, Chambers
Merriam-Webster, Random House, Webster, Encarta, Reader Digest
如果 based 是形容詞, 為何這些字典無列 based 是形容詞?

based 是否形容詞? ~ 有爭議性.
based 不同 "-based"
Even 各牛津字典不一致, 暫時不認同

2014-08-14 07:21:22 補充：
許多的字典列 base on/upon 是 phrasal verb
phrasal verb 是 verb + preposition/or adverb, 有另外 meaning
竟然是 phrasal verb, based on 的 based 不會是 adjective,
是 verb in passive
Something is/was based on something
個 agent 必然是 someone (person or people)
Someone base(s) something on something (active voice)

2014-08-14 07:28:51 補充：
Even 作整句第一個字, 用來修飾整個句子, 功能只強調, 這個副詞在句中可有可無,
Even young students were aware of how things had changed. ~ from Longman Dict.
Even the children helped in the garden. ~ from Oxford Wordpower Dict.
無 Even 仍然是一完整句子

2014-08-14 08:25:32 補充：
就拿 frightened 這個字作一比較
frightened 在上述的任何一本字典, 是分開地被列為 adjective
包括 牛劍, 朗文, Collins Cobuiild, Macmillan, Meriam-Webster...等等

題外:
Grammar 實際上 是 utterly boring! 學了基本文法, 最好學習 collocations 與 usage
用簡單字句, 表達到自己思維與感受 .

2014-08-14 12:55:51 補充：
幾乎所有的 past participle 可當形容詞用, 早期 O.A.L.D. 沒有將 based 列為 adjective. 這是個別作者看法. 如果 Based 當形容詞, 不能做 attributive 形容詞放在 noun 前面. 我想其他的字典作者不覺得有需要這麼做和解釋.
牛津出版”Modern English Usage” – by Fowler 始終講 base on 是 verbal phrase, 無提及是形容詞
最重要是發問者分得出 active 和 passive 怎樣使用.

2014-08-15 11:49:48 補充：
不覺得 based 是形容詞理由:

不能作 attributive adjective
同時不能簡單作 complement (predicative adjective)
a based + subject/or object ~ wrong
Subject + is/was + based (on). ~ wrong

~ a tired traveller
The traveller was tired.
~ a closed window
The window is closed.
~ a beautiful girl
The girl is beautiful

2014-08-15 12:38:10 補充：
tired, closed, frightened, concerned, satisfied, surprised,. etc.
各字典分別列為 adjective
其他字典不列 based 為 adj. 用 active 與 passive 分別, 容易明白

Oxford 或 Longman Phrsal Verbs Dictionary, Longman Dict. of Common Errors
"based" is not treated as an adjective,
Webster Dict. of Usage 更詳細

base on is a phrase verb:-eg:-to use an idea, a fact, a situation as the point from which something can be developed:-eg:-What are you base this theory on (to become a policeman ?)
based adj., If one thing is based on another it is developed from it:-eg:-The report is based on police figures
Even you put my flag cover my dead body I'll never quit.
I'll never even quit(=adv.).So I certainly do not quit.

2014-08-14 15:24:42 補充：
base on(phrasal verb) often passive eg:-The film is based on a novel by (----).

某人 base on 某些原則去做事。

這個原則 is based on 某些理論。

其實很清晰。