✔ 最佳答案
「現在完成式」發生在過去,但結果迄今有效,時間座標不標示出來。
「過去完成式」發生在過去的另一件事之前,所以在同一句中通常會有一個過去簡單式與其做對照,兩者一前後。
After I graduated,I have studied English in Los angeles for one year.
時序合乎邏輯。現在完成式是算到現在為止的結果。強調是在畢之後。
I have studied English in Los angeles for one year after I graduated.
與上一句相同,但未強調是在畢業之後。
I had studied in Los angeles for one year after I had graduated .
這句語法有問題,因為用了兩個過去完成式,沒有過去簡單式對照。
上述的句子還有其它的問題,正如同意見欄裡的rjamesho大師指出,兩個子句的主詞是同一人時,通常不會重複出現。因為英語有不重複的習慣。而且可以用過去簡單式來寫,比起現在完成式較自然(單純的敘述),因為用現在完成式時,結果的重要性會被突顯。
After graduation, I studied English for one year at Los Angeles.(地點放句尾較自然)。時間長度重要時,才移地點之後。
2014-08-05 07:41:07 補充:
After graduation, I have studied English at Los Angeles for one year.這樣寫,也是正確的。
2014-08-05 09:15:51 補充:
I went to LA to study for a year after I graduated from college.這裡的after是連接詞。
I went to LA to study for a year after graduation from college.這裡的after是介系詞。
I went to LA to study for a year after graduated from college.這裡的after + p.p.有問題。
2014-08-05 10:13:41 補充:
He came after finishing the work.
要用動名詞當介系詞after的受詞。
after不能用來連接兩個動詞,因為不能當「對等連接詞」用。只有在帶出副詞子句時,afrer才是「從屬連接詞」,否則是介系詞。
2014-08-05 11:47:29 補充:
He came after having finished the work.也是正確的。這裡的having finished是動名詞的完成式。