nouns without articles 用法

NO ARTICLE

Proper names 固有名詞: Wong, Smith

Uncountable nouns 不可數名詞, 尤其抽象名詞: courage, happiness, love, information
a man of courage, fall in love, find happiness, find information

Name of countries 國家名稱: Japan, Spain

Materials 材料: made of silk, wood

Transport 運輸工具: by car, by plane, by boat (不是某飛機, 某船)

Certain time 某些時間 and seasons 季節:
at night, at dawn, in summer, by day, by night
on time, in time, on holiday, on tour, on call, on vacation, on leave,
on/off duty, on sabbatical
for good, for life

Meal(time)s 用餐時: have breakfast, at lunch, go for dinner

Sports 運動: play basketball, tennis

Illnesses 疾病: got lung cancer, had German measles

Hobbies 嗜好: like music, stamp collecting, hiking

Subjects 科目: Mathematics, Chemistry, History, Dentistry

Special places 特別的地方: school, church, hospital, prison (if you think of their purpose)
attend church, at school, in hospital, in prison
不是某間教堂, 某間學校, 某間醫院
是去教堂, 上學, 入院, 坐監 leave hospital = 出院

Phrases 片語:
preposition + countable noun
out of stock, in fashion, by cheque, by phone, stand/wait in line,
by appointment, on foot, by heart, behind bars, out of order

Know the difference:
Some plural nouns 複數名詞: ~ refers as a group

Tourists are often blamed for changing the character of a place. (整體, tourists in general)
Did you notice what the tourists in the museum were doing? (某遊客 specific tourists)

It is impossible to live in a world without hope. (in general)
The hope of finding the survivors is slim. (specific)