✔ 最佳答案
Ester contains polar -CO-OR group. Therefore, ester is polar but its polarity is not so high.
酯含有極性的 -CO-OR 基團,故酯呈極性,但極性不高。
Small esters (e.g. HCOOCH3) are miscible with water due to the formation of hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Adding ionic solution to the aqueous mixture containing ester would lower the miscibility of ester with water. In practice, concentrated sodium chloride solution is added to the reaction mixture of esterification in order to salt out the ester.
細小的酯(如 HCOOCH3)與水互溶,原因是與水分子產生氫鍵。把離子溶液加進含酯的水溶液混合物,會降低水與酯的互溶性。在實驗中,把濃氯化鈉溶液加進酯化反應的反應混合物中,以鹽析出酯。
Hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions can enhance the hydrolysis of ester. The reaction rate of hydrolysis of ester increases when the concentration (not the ratio) of hydrogen ions or hydroxide ions increases.
氫離子和氫氧離子會促進酯的水解。氫離子或氫氧離子的濃度(不是比例)增加,會加速酯的水解反應。