does other animals have faster nerve speeds?

"Does other animals have faster nerve speeds?"

Nerve speeds are similar, since the mechanisms are similar.

"i was thinking, though animals do not have a long chain of thought (ie, stimulus -> brain ->memory -> action); would they have faster nerves speeds or brain speeds,"

No, it does not work that way.

"if they had faster brains with low capacity; and if fast enough (relativity) then would they hear sound in a lower frequency?"

No, this is a function of the structures in the ear, not the brain. Elephants and whales (nearly as complex as us, some smarter than some humans) can hear low frequencies, because they have larger hearing structures.

"could it mean they can see light in a different colour?"

Again, this is a function of the organs of seeing. If we remove our corneas (such as what happens with cataract surgery) we can see into the near ultraviolet.

"if the brain increased in speed, would everything looked like they was slowed down?"

Maybe but... everything seems normal. Think about it. If you grew up with a "time rate", that would seem normal to you.

Now a fly can outrun a human hand... and this may be because we are slower then they are. Or they simply run on instinct...

"( and do we all (human) have uniform "processing" speeds?)"

This can be adjusted, at some cost. So not exactly, but less than an order of magnitude difference.

Good questions. Maybe no one knows.
But in small animals the signals need to travel less far, so probably take less time.
Think how fast birds flicker around and are able to fly between tree twigs.
Smaller heads probably means they can hear HIGHER frequencies better. Light detection is cellular, so maybe no difference.