英文GRAMMAR問題 快入!! (一條ONLY)

應該第一句是對
1. I am bound and determined to achieve my goal.

"I came here bound and determined to put the last 12 months behind me." ~ from Oxford English Dictionary

"They are bound and determined to build their own house someday". ~ from Cambridge English Dictionary

“bound and determined” 在字典中是列于美國英語 idiom
= very determined to do or achieve something, especially something difficult.

所有字典中例子全然地是 bound and determined to do something ; 係跟 TO-INFINITIVE

問題為什麼你日校老師話用 ING FORM 先岩?
純從 grammar角度去看, 老師將 to 看做 preposition,
“bound’ 和 “determined” 在字典中有列為 adjective, 所以使用 verb-ing form
Sentence pattern: adjective + to + noun phrase

其他的例子:
The Green Party is dedicated to protecting the environment.
dedicated ~ adjective, to ~ preposition, protecting the environment ~ gerund phrase

We are committed to withdrawing our troops by the end of the year.
committed ~ adjective, to ~ preposition, withdrawing… year ~ gerund phrase

我說第一句對理由是 usage, 是美國英語, 美國人是這麼使用,
bind to do something, determine to do something (active voice)
最後連牛津劍橋字典都認同.

groupmate 相信是人們作出來, 用得多普羅大眾便接受. 字典上是無
groupmate 類似 classmate, teammate, roommate, housemate, flatmate (字典上有)

groupmate 解釋不是 classmate
classmate = someone who is in the same class as you
groupmate = someone who is in the same group as you

groupmate 許多時是學校同 group 做 project 的人, 或者 Internet上使用,







2014-02-04 06:00:44 補充：
To 回答者：七瀨遙:
No offence.
“determined to 後面一般是用 bare infinitive:另外, bound to + bare infinitive”
~ 你這個 statement 是錯

determined to achieve, 因為已經有 to 在 achieve 前面, 所以 achieve 不是 bare infinitive
Bare infinitive is infinitive without the "to" particle.
發問者：yoy****** 說係跟 TO-INFINITIVE 是對.

2014-02-04 06:04:37 補充：
Infinitives with to are referred to specifically as TO-INFINITIVES, in order to distinguish them from BARE INFINITIVES, in which to is absent:

I determine to open the gate. (open is an infinitive with to)
Let me open the gate. (open is a bare infinitive)
You can do it. (do is a bare infinitive)

2014-02-04 06:07:10 補充：
Infinitive is the unmarked base form of a verb when used without any direct relationship to time, person, or number.

2014-03-11 09:25:27 補充：
To 回答者:Tin Lam (No offence)

"to" 不是 conjunction.
"to" 只作 preposition, infinitive marker 或 adverb

You must devote your effort TO your study.
用錯 preposition (不是用 in)

Sentence pattern:
devote something to something (noun, noun phrase)
devote oneself to something

第一句是對的
長話短說，如果是preposition後面才用ing form, 但這個是conjunction, 所以用bare infinitive.
Eg. I am looking forward to seeing you.
這句中，to是preposition，所以後面用 ing form。
Eg. To succeed, you must devote effort in your study.
這句中，to是用以表示因果關係的，並非preposition，故不會用ing form。
看看以下的句子：
To succeeding, you must devote effort in your study.
這句不太通順吧。希望你能記住這兩句的分別，那麼就不會混淆了 ^^
Ps. "groupmate" 在英語中是不被接受的，故無論是不是formal article 也不會出現。如果要寫的話，可以考慮以下的字：group mate, teammate, group member.
希望可以幫到你^^ 如果還有疑問歡迎隨時問 ^^~

2014-02-07 20:50:42 補充：
補充：應該是looking forward to的to 是phrase 裡的preposition比較準確。

第一句先岩
劍橋字典：
determined = wanting to do something very much and not allowing anyone or any difficulties to stop you
下定決心的，堅決的，決意的
[+ to infinitive] I'm determined to get this piece of work finished today.

至於groupmate, 所有字典都無呢個字，我會建議你用 a partner of my group/ one of the partners of my group

^_^

我認為你是正確的，因為 determined to 後面一般是用 bare infinitive；另外，bound to + bare infinitive 的組合也是很常見。

我猜你的老師大概是因為 bound 這個字才說要用 ing。用了 ing 的話就會變成 noun phrase，而 bound to + noun phrase 也是很常用的。



2014-02-04 01:15:52 補充：
groupmate 其實不算是 term 吧，很常用啊

最少在大學的 course outline 中會有這個字，所以在 formal article 用應該也未嘗不可