flame test

在焰色試驗中，氣態的金屬離子在藍焰中吸熱，把最外層電子升上較高能級。當這些電子降回基態時，會放出電磁波，某些金屬所放出的電磁波是特定的可見光線，產生特定的焰色。因此，我們可以憑焰色來鑑定金屬離子。

In flame test, when the vapour of metal ion absorbs heat in blue flame, its electrons in the outermost shell will promote to higher energy levels. When such electrons go back to ground state, they give off electromagnetic wave. The magnetic wave released from some certain metal ions are visible light with characteristic colour. Therefore, we can identify such metal ions by their flame colours.
1)何謂金屬離子氣化 難道金屬離子轉態?
2)例如Na 2 8 1 在焰色試驗中,氣態的金屬離子在藍焰中吸熱,把最外層電子升上較高能級 ,Na得三層電子層,還有多一層電子層咩?


The platinum wire (or nichrome wire) must be dipped into concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl(aq)) before attaching solid sample on it. This is because the metal ions would be easier to vapourize in the form of a metal chloride, because usually metal chloride needs less heat to vaporize than other salts of the metals.
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