兩題英文問題請高手幫忙

1. Mary: Steve looks taller and stronger.
Peter: Yes, he________ after school every day.
Mary: Good for him. Sports make one healthier.

我想問第一句話裡的tall為何要在後面加er另外strong也是為何要在後面加er???

這是將現在的Steve與以前的他相比，所以用比較級的形容詞taller和stronger。即It seems that Steve is taller and stronger than he was before.
在文法書的形容詞比較級例句裡，可以找到一些類似的句子。

2.Most of _____ scholars know today comes from the writings of the students who studied under Confucius

(A) what (B) how (C) those (D) which
這一題為何空格裡要寫what??

因為what可以當［帶先行詞的關係代名詞］，帶出名詞子句當介系詞of的受詞。選項內的其它字沒有這個功能。
本句也可寫成：Most of those things which scholars know today comes from ....
在文法書介紹名詞子句當受詞的單元裡（或關係代名詞用法的單元）可以看到類似的例句。
如：She was curious what he would find in the box.
I can't rely on what you tell me.
Success comes to whoever is ready for it.

3. Rose_____ how to play the piano since she was seven years old.
learns
was learning
was to learn
has learned

為何這題空格是填這個??has learned

因為本句裡的副詞子句since she was seven years old給了一個起點，主要子句所述的事實是從那時一直到現在都有效的狀況，所以用現在完成式has learned來表示。請參見柯旗化＜新英文法＞p.275對現在完成式的例句如下：
He has lived here since he was a aboy.
I haven't heard from him since he left here.

was learning是過去進行式，was to learn用在表示過去的未來（即當時正要做的事），都不符合本句的需要。

第一題
Steve looks taller and stronger.
taller跟stronger都是比較級的用法
這一句想表達的是Steve比以前更高也更強壯了
※單元：形容詞/比較級

第二題
Most of what scholars know today comes from the writings of the students.
the writings為文章，句意是現今學者所知道的大部分跟孔夫子相關的事情，是來自於孔夫子的學生所寫的文章。
空下來的地方意指「那些跟孔夫子相關的事情」所以用what.

Most of what scholars know today comes from the writings of the students.
The students studied under Confucius.
兩句合併，共同處為the students，所以以who做連結。
※單元：子句

第三題
Rose has learned how to play the piano since she was seven years old.
句子為過去完成式。
另外注意"since"的用法。
※單元：時態

Mary: Steve looks taller and stronger.
我想問第一句話裡的tall為何要在後面加er另外strong也是為何要在後面加er???

ANS: 這邊應該是省掉了 than before 跟以前比
所以是說STEVES現在(比以前)更高更壯了。

2.Most of _____ scholars know today comes from the writings of the students who studied under Confucius

這邊要填what=the things that
整句話是說 現在大部分學者所了解的事，大部分都是根據孔子的學生所下來的筆記/文章所得知的

所以句子可以還原變成
Most of the things that scholars know today comes from...=
Most of what scholars know today comes from...

3. Rose_____ how to play the piano since she was seven years old.
答：
因為since的關係，前面要用has/have + PP
所以要選 has learned

Using "taller and stronger", because speaker uses what she know about Steve in the past. That is to say, she compares what Steve uses to be with how he is.

2014-01-16 14:54:22 補充：
The reason you need to use "what" is because of "scholars know".

it means, "the thing that scholars know".

2014-01-16 14:56:27 補充：
I suggest you NOT to find the applicable grammar in the grammar book, but try to understand the context. You would know it fairly easily without the grammar.

2014-01-16 14:58:28 補充：
the reason is "since".