Eng Active & Passive voice

其實這三句除了是鍛鍊對passive voice的認知外，亦要想像和認識講出這句子的處境性才會答對(因為同一個動詞可以配上不同的passive voice文法上仍正確但不等於合理/合情/配合場景)

我做做習作或老師都不會交代這些問題的場景...現試從這角度解釋和嘗試回答(由於句子有它已訂的前設場景，我也沒有100%把握答對，只是從內容推測應該的寫/講法)：

1. This street ____________ because of snow. (already close)
這句用意是表達街道因為大雪已經被封。...可能是警察對行人講的一句話，亦可以是新聞報導，提示裏有already一詞可能暗示要用perfect tense; 但日常英語這並不是硬性的配搭。

假如這句是新聞報導便會用past perfect tense passive voice - had already been closed; 但這句的主詞裏的this表達是有人指著條街在當場說的話，所以不會是past tense。

假設這句是有個人轉告你的話
This street has already been closed because of snow.
意思是：這街道已經因為大雪而在不久前被封了。

假如這句是當時警察當面跟你說的話/甚或是你在場跟另一個人講述這處境
This street is already been closed because of snow.
意思是：這街道已經因為大雪而被封了。

[這兩句都可以是答案 - 假如你是中學或低年級理論上正確答案應該是第一句，但現實第二句是較為常用的處境講法]

2. The blue box ____________ .(cannot see)
這句完全沒有情景實在無法估計作者想講甚麼...
The blue box cannot be seen.
是最基本的表達一種情況/狀況

3. All the jewels ____________ when the police arrived.(take away)
這句似是新聞報導，加上後句arrived已經是past tense，而前句的內容發生的時間肯定在後句發生之前，所以時式一定是用past tense.要決定的是用那一種動詞時態的過去式。
句子主詞是jewels是死物加上動詞是take便一定要寫成被動式passive voice.
可選擇的是
All the jewels was taken away when...
All the jewels had been taken away when...
All the jewels was being taken away when...
由於前後句有時空相差的關係，句子想要表達警察到來時...珠寶已經(在相對前一點時間)被拿走了...
was taken會跟arrived同樣是沒有設定的過去時間只是表示已發生，因此不能製造兩情境(被拿走先過警察到達)的時空相差。這寫法亦表示take away珠寶的是警察。
had been taken表示發生了而是比arrived剛剛更早一點。
was being taken動詞是過去的進行式，意思是當arrived的同時在being taken(taking)，表示當警察到達時珠寶正在被拿走(進行中)，這句的前文後理似乎沒有這感覺。

全句似乎想講「當警察到達時，所有的珠寶都已經被取走一空了」
所以合理的寫法是
All the jewels had been taken away when the police arrived.

所以留意不同的寫法會表示出不同的意思...要看想表達的內容來配合選用合商的動詞時態寫法。

"This street is already been closed because of snow."是錯的。英文'is'和' been'是不走在一起用的。
可以寫"This street is already closed because of snow."意思是「這街道已經因為大雪而封閉。」。'closed'(封閉)是用作形容詞，不是過去分詞(past participle)用作被動式的「被封」意思。

1. This street ____has been already closed_______ because of snow. (already close) - present perfect tense is used because of already - passive voice

2. The blue box ____cannot be seen________ .(cannot see)
- passive voice

3. All the jewels ______had been taken away______ when the police arrived.(take away) past perfect tense as jewels taken away came earlier than the arrival of polic

1, has already been closed
2. could not be seen
3. had been taken away

第一句子可用 passive voice, 用 perfect tense 因為有 already 這個字
用 present perfect tense 因為有 This, This street 講現在這街道
雖然 shop, restaurant, museum ..etc 可用 open, close (active voice)
例如 The shop closes at 8.00 pm, 每日營業時間 routine
但是要封閉街道, 要人特別去做, police 封閉街道, No Entry, 用 passive (被動式) 比較適當
The road was closed to traffic for two days. ~ 牛津字典

2. could not be seen (passive)
could means "possible but unlikely".
could 可用在 present, 不需要在 past, 雖然 could 是 can 的 past tense

3. had been taken away . 當警察抵達, 珠寶已經被拿走了
~ past perfect tense in passive voice

are taken away. 錯 ~ 因為用現在式時態 (present tense)
were being taken away 錯 ~ 當警察抵達, 賊仍然在繼續拿走珠寶, 當警察無到

1. This street __had been closed already__________ becauseof snow. (already close)2. The blue box _could not be seen___________ .(cannot see)3. All the jewels __were being taken away__________ when thepolice arrived.(take away)
In the passive voice, the noun always appears in the beginning of the sentence, and followed by a simple perfect tense/continuous perfect tense (plus being sometimes).

1. has already closed

這是active voice, 因為句子裡未有任何被動的詞語(by etc.), 而且, 這是一句因果關係的句子, 所以用了active voice。用了pp是因為"already".


2.cannot be seen

這是passive voice. 雖然句子裡沒有被動的詞語, 但你會感覺到的。試想想看,
blue box是subject, 如果用了active voice, 就會變成了blue box做了那個動作(the
blue box cannot see.那藍箱不能看)所以, 只有用了passive voice才能表達出blue
box是被動地看到的。


3. are taken away

這句是passive voice. 原理跟第2題一樣。