✔ 最佳答案
1) and 2) 可以做 Title of the book, essay, dissertation…或者 subheading
1 ) The influence of online games on teenagers
只是 noun phrase, 不是 complete sentence. 因為 main verb is missing.
noun phrase 可以做 subject, object, complement
influence 在這裡作 uncountable noun, 沒有 plural form, 雖然 influence 可以做 countable noun.
"Influence" is the power to affect the way someone develops, behaves, or thinks, without using direct force or orders. Here we treat influence as a general term.
字典兩例子:
“What exactly is the influence of television on children?” ~ influence 作 uncountable noun
“There seems to be several influences at work in his writing.”~ Influence 做 countable noun.
Different influences: 例如:~ 小學受中國傳統家庭影響, 中學受英式教育, 大學受猶太人教授啟蒙, 他的寫作受不同的影響 (影響是 plural)
2) How online games influence teenagers
是 noun clause, 因為有個 finite verb, influence 在這裡是 transitive verb
This noun clause can be used as a subject, object, complement.
It can be used as a subordinate clause.
How do (can) online games influence teenagers? ~ question
Many psychologists explain how online games influence teenagers ~ complete sentence
3) smartphone addiction among teenagers
smartphone 是 concrete noun, 不是 adjective
Some people may think that “smartphone addiction” looks like a compound nouns.
Compound nouns are words which have been created by combining two nouns which are related to each other.
可惜 addiction 是 abstract noun
Though smartphone functions in a similar way like some adjectives, I still classify it as a noun.
I consider smartphone as a "noun modifier".
Smartphone should be singular in the above phrase..
Other example:
eye test, 不是 eyes test, 雖然驗眼是兩眼睛都檢查
參考: Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary