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Put separately each of the 6 solutions to a test tube. Then, heat the solutions with a Bunsen burnerto dryness.
Four of the solutions give no residue, and they are then identified.
A vinegar smell gas (ethanoic acid vapour) is given off : dilute ethanoic acid
A white mist (hydrogen chloride gas) is given off : dilute hydrochloric acid
A toilet-like pungent gas is given off : dilute ammonia solution
No other observable change : distilled water
Two of the solutions give white residues, and they have not yet beenidentified. They are dilute sodiumhydroxide and dilute sodium chloride solution.
Heat the two unidentified solutions and dilute hydrochloric acid (which has beenidentified) to make them more concentrated, and then cool to roomtemperature. Add separately thehydrochloric acid to the two unidentified solution. Then, feel the test tubes.If neutralization occurs, the test tube feels warm.
The test tube feel warm : dilute sodium hydroxide solution
The test tube does not give heat : dilute sodium chloride solution