英文文法疑問

1. “being a world leader in wheelchair fencing” 是 participial phrase, It functions as a noun phrase. “being” is the present particle of “be”. “to” 在這個是 preposition.

rise to + noun/noun phrase ("to" is a preposition)

例子: rise to power/prominence/power/occasion/challenge/rank/top …etc.

There is another verb pattern.

rise to do something ("to" is an infinitive marker)
He rose to become chairman of the company

"rise" is always an intransitive verb. It can be a noun.

2. 不能放在整句後面
Karen Lee, who is a form 3 student, was first referred to our clinic a year ago.
"who is a form 3 student" 是 non-defining relative clause
A non-defining relative clause adds information that is not necessary to the main idea in the sentence. It is not used to identify the subject. You use commas to set off non-defining clause.
"who" is usually placed right after the subject, "Karen Lee"

簡單點,不用 relative clause, 用 apposition
Karen Lee, a form 3 student, was first referred to our clinic a year ago.

3. If you want to say that two events are continuing to happen at the same time you usually use while.
“when people become familiar with the environment” 先發生,需要時間,熟悉了環境,才Shyness goes away.
when 在這句子, 有含意 after

when = at or during the time that something happens
while = during the time that something happens - used to emphasize that something is continuing
I disliked the noise of television while I was working.



2013-08-15 10:57:04 補充：
1. Karen Lee, who is a Form 3 student, was referred to our clinic a year ago.
The main idea: Karen Lee was referred to our clinic a year ago.

2. Karen Lee, who was referred to our clinic a year ago, is a Form 3 student.
The main idea: Karen Lee is a Form 3 student.

兩句子完全不同.第二句改變了原句 meaning

1. The word 'to' here is a preposition. A preposition is always followed by a noun, pronoun, a noun phrase or a gerund.
How do we know it is a preposition but not the particle of a to-infinitive? Try to make up another sentence with 'risen to'. For example, I would say 'It has risen to a new level'. 'A new level' is obviously a noun phrase, not a verb.

2. Yes.
Karen Lee, who was referred to our clinic a year ago, is a Form 3 student.

3. Why can we use 'while' instead of 'when' ? They are two different words. Here 'when' means 'as soon as'. The word 'while' does not have the same meaning.



I have uploaded some videos on Youtube on English Grammar. Hope you will find them useful.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ceFJv0GATcY

3. while 和 when 的區別：
http://tw.knowledge.yahoo.com/question/question?qid=1306052100111