請問"has been" & "had been"的不同?

2013-05-30 1:24 am
Ever since he entered politics, Mr. Holden ________ very aggressive.

答案是has been

為什麼不能用had been?

回答 (5)

2013-05-30 1:58 am
✔ 最佳答案
因為had been是過去完成式,時間點是在過去簡單式entered之前,會讓全句的時序顛倒,不符邏輯。
since he entered politics是事件的起點(用了過去簡單式),應該比aggressive的狀況早,所以aggressive要用現在完成式has been aggressive(迄今如此),句子的時序才合理。
2013-05-31 1:40 am
has been是現在完成式(present perfect tense)
had been是過去完成式(past perfect tense)

先談現在完成式,既說是現在完成式,即和"現在"有關,不論是:

1)指過去某動作現在剛剛完成,如:
  I have finished my dinner now. (我剛吃過晚飯)

2)表示過去某些發生了的動作,其結果繼續到現在,如:
  It has become very cold.(天氣變得非常冷)(這句也表示現在還是冷)

3)表示某些狀態,從過去繼續到現在,如:
  I have known him since he was born.

4)表示過去的經驗(經驗直到今天仍然是經驗),如:
  I have been to London.

所以,你大可看到,現在完成式真是與現在有關

至於過去完成式,則是與過去某個時間有關(這個時間不可是現在),如:

When I reached the beach, the sun had risen.(是與I reached the beach的時間有關)

因此,Ever since he entered politics, Mr. Holden has been very aggressive.
就因為直到現在Mr. Holden還是很aggressive,所以要用現在完成式

若用過去完成式,就說明他已不再aggressive. 但這時,也需指出其有關過去的時間,如:

He had been very aggressive before he was ill. (時間是在他生病前(但生病時過去發生的事))

現在完成式與過去完成式,其分別是在於他們所參照時間不同,一是現在,另外的是過去某個時間為準

希望幫到你!

2013-05-30 3:45 am
Has/Have been+名詞N/動名詞Ving 現在完成式(表示已經做了的事情/動作,而且還在進行當中)

She has been talking for 3 hours.

她已經講了3個小時的話(現在還在講話狀態中)

He has been there 3 hours ago.

他在3個小時前就在那裡了(現在也還在那裡)



Had been+名詞N/動名詞Ving  過去完成式(表示已經做了的事情/動作,目前不在進行當中)

She had been talking for 3 hours.

她講了3個小時的話(現在不在講話狀態中)

He had been there 3 hours ago.

他在3個小時前曾經在那裡(現在不在那裡)
參考: 知識+
2013-05-30 3:34 am
如同 Louis 大大所言,是動作順序的邏輯問題。
2013-05-30 1:59 am
(1)For the conj, ever since, used had been; eg:-He had been very aggressive ever since he entered politic.
(2)For the adv, long since, used the present participle; eg:-He entered politics and has been aggressive from himself Mr. Holden since.
eg:-The Mr. Holden has long since been very aggressive.
eg:-He entered politics and has since been very aggressive.


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