Suppose you and I take turns at rolling a die, to see who can first roll a six. Suppose I roll first, then you roll, and so on, until one of us has rolled a six. What is the chance that you roll the first six?
T= number of rolls required to produce the first six.
P(T even) = P(T=2) + P(T=4) + P(T=6) + ...
= qp + q^3p + q^5p +....
= qp (1+ q^2 + q^4 +.....)
= qp / (1-q^2)
我吾明點解可以由第三歩寫成第四歩