數學因式分解和方程式問題

2012-08-29 6:24 pm

圖片參考:http://imgcld.yimg.com/8/n/AC02371569/o/101208290196213869282630.jpg



請求要如何解
附算式和解法
謝囉!

回答 (3)

2012-08-29 7:59 pm
✔ 最佳答案
1.
(x + y)(x + 3y)² - (x + y)²(x + 3y)
= (x + y)(x + 3y)[(x + 3y) - (x + y)]
= (x + y)(x + 3y)[x + 3y - x - y]
= 2y(x + y)(x + 3y)


2.
x³ + 6x² + 12x + 8
= (x)³ + 3(x)²(2) + 3(x)(2)² + (2)³
= (x + 2)³


3.
9x⁴ + 35x² - 4
= 9(x²)² - 35(x²) - 4
= (9x² - 1)(x² + 4)
= [(3x)² - 1²](x² + 4)
= (3x + 1)(3x - 1)(x² +4)


4.
令 u = x - y
則 15(x - y)² + (x - y) - 2
= 15u² + u - 2
= (3u - 1)(5u + 2)
= [3(x - y) - 1] [5(x - y) + 2]
= (3x - 3y - 1)(5x - 5y + 2)


5.
令 u = a + b 及 v = a - b
則 (a + b)² - 5(a² - b²) + 4(a- b)²
= (a + b)² - 5(a + b)(a - b) +4(a - b)²
= u² - 5uv + 4v²
= (u - v)(u - 4v)
= [(a + b) - (a - b)] [(a + b) - 4(a - b)]
= [a + b - a + b] [a + b - 4a + 4b]
= 2b(5b - 3a)


6.
3a² - 6ax - 5ab + 13bx
= 3a² - (6x + 5b)a + 13bx
不能因式分解。

但 3a² - 6ax - 5ab + 10bx
= 3a² - (6x + 5b)a + 10bx
= (3a - 5b)(3a - 2x)


7.
a² - b² - c² + 2bc
= a² - (b² - 2bc + c²)
= a² - (b - c)²
= [a + (b - c)] [a - (b - c)]
= (a + b - c)(a - b + c)


8.
x⁴ - x³ + 2x² - x + 1
= (x⁴ + 2x² + 1) - (x³ + x)
= (x² + 1)² - x(x² + 1)
= (x² + 1)[(x² + 1) - x]
= (x² +1)(x² - x + 1)


9.
x² - y² + 2yz - z²
= x² - (y² - 2yz + z)²
= x² - (y - z)²
= [x + (y - z)] [x - (y - z)]
= (x + y - z)(x - y + z)


10.
abx² + (a² - b²)x - ab
= abx² + a²x - b²x - ab
= (abx² + a²x) - (b²x + ab)
= ax(bx + a) - b(bx + a)
= (ax - b)(bx + a)


11.
x² + xy - 2y² - 2x + 5y - 3
= (x² + xy - 2y²) + (-2x + 5y) - 3
= (x - y)(x + 2y) + [(x + 2y) - 3(x - y)] - 3
= [(x - y)(x + 2y) + (x + 2y)] - [3(x - y) + 3]
= (x + 2y)[(x - y) + 1) - 3[(x - y) + 1)
= (x + 2y - 3)(x - y + 1)


12.
(x - 5)/(2x + 1) = (x - 5)/(2x + 2)
(x - 5)(2x + 2) = (x - 5)(2x + 1)
(x - 5)(2x + 2) - (x - 5)(2x + 1) = 0
(x - 5)[(2x + 2) - (2x + 1)] = 0
(x - 5)(2x + 2 - 2x - 1) = 0
x - 5 = 0
x = 5


13.
2 - [5 / (x - 1)] = -3 / x(x - 1)
[2x(x - 1) - 5x] / x(x - 1) = -3 / x(x - 1)
2x(x - 1) - 5x = -3
2x² - 2x - 5x = -3
2x² - 7x + 3 = 0
(2x - 1)(x - 3) = 0
x = 1/2 or x = 3
參考: fooks
2012-08-29 8:41 pm
1、(x+y)(x+3y)²-(x+y)²(x+3y)

提公因式 (x+y)(x+3y)

得(x+y)(x+3y){(x+3y)-(x+y)}
=(x+y)(x+3y)(x+3y-x-y)
=2y(x+y)(x+3y)
 

A:2y(x+y)(x+3y)

=============================

2、x³+6x²+12x+8

這題有點tricky,我們要把6x²分成2x²+4x²

原式=x³+2x²+4x²+12x+8
= x³+2x²  +   4x²+12x+8
=x²(x+2) +  4(x²+3x+2)
=x²(x+2) + 4(x+1)(x+2) <==十字交成

再來就是提供因式(x+2)

原式=(x+2)〔 x² +4(x+1)  〕
=(x+2)(x²+4x+4)
=(x+2)(x+2)(x+2)<=(x²+4x+4)作十字交成
=(x+2)³

A:(x+2)³

=============================

3、9x⁴+35x²-4

這題直接作十字交成

9x² ╲╱ -1
 x² ╱╲ +4

9x⁴+35x²-4
=(9x²-1)(x²+4)
你以為這樣就乾淨了?要注意有沒有平方差的存在

=(  (3x)²-1²  )(x²+4)
=(3x+1)(3x-1)(x²+4)

A:(3x+1)(3x-1)(x²+4)

==================
4、15(x-y)²+(x-y)-2

這題也是直接十字交成

3(x-y) ╲╱ -1
5(x-y) ╱╲ +2

(  3(x-y)-1   )(   5(x-y)+2  )
(3x-3y-1)(5x-5y+2)


A:(3x-3y-1)(5x-5y+2)

===========================
5、(a+b)²-5(a²-b²)+4(a-b)²

這題技巧在要把中間的a²-b²分成(a-b)(a+b)
然後再十字交成

原式=(a+b)²-5(a+b)(a-b)+4(a-b)²

(a+b)╲╱-4(a-b)
(a+b)╱╲ -(a-b)

(  (a+b)-4(a-b)  )(  (a+b)-(a-b)  )

=2b(-3a+5b)=-2b(3a-5b)

A:-2b(3a-5b)

============================
6、3a²-6ax-5ab+13bx
這題我再想一下,我解不出來


==================================
7、a²-b²-c²+2bc
=a²-(b²+c²-2bc)<=差的平方公式(a-b)²=a²-2ab-b²
=a²-(b-c)²
=(  a+(b-c) )( a-(b-c) )<=a²-b²=(a+b)(a-b)
=(a+b-c)(a-b+c)

============================
8、x⁴-x³+2x²-x+1

這題技巧,你可以看係數還有正負號去想一下,再這裡我將2x²拆成兩個x²,待會兒你就知道了

x⁴-x³+x²+x²-x+1
=x²(x²-x+1)+(x²-x+1)
提供因式
=(x²+1)(x²-x+1)

A:(x²+1)(x²-x+1)

==============
9、x²-y²+2yz-z²
=x²-(y²-2yz+z²)
=x²-(y-z)² <==之前講過
=( x+(y-z) )( x-(y-z) )
=(x+y-z)(x-y+z)

A:(x+y-z)(x-y+z)

===================
10、abx²+(a²-b²)x-ab

這題我原本享用十字交成,但是解不出來,我以我另外把它拆開

=abx²+a²x-b²x-ab
=ax(bx+a)-b(bx+a)
提供因式(bx+a)
(ax-b)(a+bx)

A:(ax-b)(a+bx)

==========================
11、x²+xy-2y²-2x+5y-3
用「雙十字交乘法」你可能沒聽過,但是我做給你看,應蓋就會有Fu了,其實就是把兩次的十字交成合而為一,懶人的作法^^

x ╲╱ +2y ╲╱ -3
x ╱╲  -y ╱╲ +1

我先到這裡,我會再打,我字數有限制

2012-08-29 12:52:15 補充:
我來這鞭打好了
續我剛打的

前兩個
x ╲╱ +2y
x ╱╲  -y
 ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄
-xy+2xy=xy 符合題目中的xy

後兩個
+2y ╲╱ -3
 -y ╱╲ +1
 ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄
2y+3y=5y  也符合

前後

x ╲╱ -3
x ╱╲ +1
 ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄
-3x+x=-2x  也符合
所以這題答案
(x+2y-3)(x-y+1)

2012-08-29 12:56:04 補充:
x-5   x-5
——— = ———
2x+1  2x+2

這題有兩個情形,0=0,也就是x-5=0    x=5

第二種情形  x-5≠0  同除以x-5
 得2x+1=2x+2  很明顯不合理,我以這題答案

A:x=5

2012-08-29 13:01:19 補充:
   5     -3
2-——— = ————
  x-1   x²-x

首先去分母,等號兩邊同乘以x(x-1)

2x(x-1)-5x=-3

2x²-2x-5x+3=0
2x²-7x+3=0

2x ╲╱ -1
 x ╱╲ -3

(2x-1)(x-3)=0
 
  1
x=—  or  3
  2
參考: me
2012-08-29 8:31 pm
精神可佳,光打字最少30分鐘以上!!


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