分析化學題目.拜託大家幫我算一下!!請盡量詳細一點...謝謝

2012-06-17 1:02 am
1.calculate the pH of a solution that is 0.2mM in C6H5NH3Cl

C6H5NH3+ + H2O---->H3O+ +C6H5NH2(Ka=2.51×10^‐5)



2.A0.10M solution of a base has pH=9.28.Find Kb.


3.calculate the pH of 1.0×10^‐8M H2SO4(the H2SO4 dissociate completely to

2H+ plus SO4二負 at the low concentration)

回答 (1)

2012-06-17 7:36 am
✔ 最佳答案
1.
C6H5NH3^+(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ H3O^+(aq) + C6H5NH2(aq)... (Ka)
Start: [C6H5NH3^+]o = 0.2mM =0.0002 M, [H3O^+]o = [C6H5NH3^+]o= 0 M
At eqm: [C6H5NH3^+]o = (0.0002 - y)M, [H3O^+]o = [C6H5NH3^+]o= y M

Ka = [H3O^+] [C6H5NH2] /[C6H5NH3^+]
y^2 / (0.0002 - y) = 2.51 x10^-5
y^2 + (2.51 x 10^-5)y - (5.02 x 10^-9) = 0

To solve the quadratic equation, we get y = 5.94 x 10^-5

pH = -log(5.94 x 10^-5) = 4.23


=====
2.
Let B be the formula of the base

At eqm :
pH = 9.28
pOH = 14 - 9.28 = 4.72
[OH^-] = 10^-4.72


B(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ HB^+(aq) + OH^-(aq) ...(Kb)
Start: [B]o = 0.10 M, [HB^+] = [OH^-] = 0 M
At eqm: [B] = (0.10 - 10^-4.72) M, [HB^+] = [OH^-] = 10^-4.72 M

Kb = [HB^+] [OH^-] / [B] = (10^-4.72)^2 / (0.10 - 10^-4.72) = 3.63 x 10^-9


=====
3.
[H^+] from H2SO4 = (1.0 x 10^-8) x 2 = 2 x 10^-8 M

Consider the self dissociation of water :
H2O(l) ⇌H^+(aq) + OH^-(aq)
At eqm : [H^+] = [y + (2 x 10^-8)] M, [OH^-] = y M

Kw = [H^+] [OH^-]
[y + (2 x 10^-8)] y = 1 x 10^-14

[y + (2 x 10^-8)] y = 1 x 10^-14
y^2 + (2 x 10^-8)y - (1 x 10^-14) = 0

To solve the quadratic equation, we get y = 9.05 x 10^-8
pH = -log[(9.05 x 10^-8) + (2 x 10^-8)] = 6.96
參考: andrew


收錄日期: 2021-04-13 18:45:00
原文連結 [永久失效]:
https://hk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20120616000010KK05010

檢視 Wayback Machine 備份