bare-infi?Gerund?這些都是怎樣運用?

Q1 "ofter crying for nothing. " 由ofter(adv)引導是副詞片語.
它可作complement of the subject. 或as subordinate clause of main clause.
如冇咗often. 只是crying for nothing=是名詞片語.

Q2 : I would like a room face to the lake.
錯在用咗face動詞. 因a room 是被形容, 不是去作事.
I would like a room facing面向(to) the lake. (gerund phrase as adj. 去形容a room.)

bare infinitive= infinitive without "to"是爲要去做的事跟主動詞同時發生.才合羅輯. 在一些VERB如see-watch-notice-observe-hear-feel-let-make等,跟著的不定詞=infinitive要將"to"隐藏. 刻意形成BARE INFINITIVE.
Yesterday I saw him (to) fly a kite.

Q3 : gerund & participle 是non-finite verb, 包括infinitive.專爲帶動態的phrase而設. 去作: subject-object-complement-adverb-adjective.交代及修飾之用.

gerund=動名詞+上賓詞或修飾構成phrase,去作subject-object-complement.

participle=分詞. +上賓詞或修飾=phrase. 去作verb-adj-adv.
present participle有主動及進行中之意.
past participle沒主動...只有被動及已完成之意.

Having been surrounded (present participle完成+被動.)=已經被包圍(指thief)
by police, the thief surrendered.(past participle投咗降.)



2012-03-15 16:38:54 補充：
ofter.xx打錯 .該是often.

1. [ often crying for nothing ]是副詞片語 ?副詞片語中一定不可以有verb ?

片語當然可以有verb啦
不過寫得對還是錯來表達才是重點
我不知你這片語來源
但是一般而言這句(用crying)是錯的寫法
這句其是句完整句子的節錄，未必可說是獨立的片語

I often cry for nothing.
當中cry for nothing可說是片語
例如我可以說
Cry for nothing is a very disturbing emotion.
它可以獨立變為這句的主詞或一個完整意思 。

寫了crying便要視它為名詞，often crying意思便前後一協調，often一般是描述一個動作而不是一件死物，希望這簡化的分析可以看出分別-再深的文法解釋可更混亂。

2. I would like a room face to the lake. 在文法上這句犯了什麼錯誤 ?
bare infinitive 是什麼 ?
bare infinitive便是一可以不用to x而獨立意思完整的x意思

這句錯了face to。你是用中文寫英文還是你以為face便一定要跟to
。
正確的寫法是
I would like a room facing the lake.
I would like a room that faces the lake.

3. gerunds和participles 是怎麼樣的分別 ?
例 (可以說明?)
Having been surrounded by the police , the thief surrendered .
簡單理解
gerunds是動詞+ing寫成名詞解
participles是動詞+ing/+ed寫成形容詞來形容另一樣東西的狀況

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