F4 chemistry acids and alkalis

2012-02-24 6:07 am
Please help me to answer the following questions in English.
The best answer is going to obtain 10 points.

1. Baking powder for making bread is usually a mixture of a solid acid,
HX, and sodium hydrogencarbonate. In making bread, water and a
little baking powder are added to flour. The flour paste is then heated
in an oven. A gas Y is formed in the baking process which escapes
fron the dough and eventually a 'spongy' bread is formed.
( a ) Name the gas Y.
( b ) Suggest a chemical test to identity gas Y. Explain the
observation of teh test and write an equation ( with state symbols)
for the reaction involved in the test.
( c ) Explain the role of water added to the flour for the production
of gas Y.
( d ) Write an ionic equation for the reaction of the acid, HX,
and sodium hydrogencarbonate in teh flour paste.
( e ) Heating solid sodium hydrogencarbonate can also help to
generate gas Y in the bread-making process. Write an
equation ( no state symbols are needed ) for this process.

2. For each of the following reactions, write ( if any )
( i ) a full equation ( with state symbols ) for the reaction
( ii ) an ionic equation ( with state symbols ) for the reaction
( a ) iron + dilute sulphuric acid
( b ) copper + dilute sulphuric acid
( c ) zinc oxide + dilute hydrochloric acid
( d ) calcium carbonate + dilute hydrochloric acid
( e ) potassium hydrogencarbonate + dilute nitric acid
( Hint : Zinc oxide and calcium carbonate are insoluble in water.
Potassium hydrogencarbonate is soluble in water.)

回答 (2)

2012-02-24 9:19 am
✔ 最佳答案
1.
(a)
carbon dioxide

(b)
Gas Y turns limewater milky.

(c)
The solid acid dissolves in water, and is then ionized to give hydrogen ions,which react with sodium hydrogencarbonate to give carbon dioxide gas.

(d)
HCO3^-(aq) + H^+(aq) → H2O(l) + CO2(g)

(e)
2NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2


*****
2.
(a)
Fe(s) + H2SO4(aq) → FeSO4(aq) + H2(g)
Fe(s) + 2H^+(aq) → Fe^2+(aq) + H2(g)

(b)
no reaction

(c)
ZnO(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2O(l)
ZnO(s) + 2H^+(aq) → Zn^+(aq) + H2O(l)

(d)
CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
CaCO3(s) + 2H^+(aq) → Ca^2+(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

(e)
KHCO3(aq) + HNO3(aq) → KNO3(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
HCO3^-(aq) + H^+(aq) → H2O(l) + CO2(g)


*****
4.
(a)
Add solid calcium hydroxide into distilled water until no more soliddissolves.Filter the mixture, and thefiltrate obtained is limewater.

(b)
hydroxide ion

(c)
Ca(OH)2 + 2NH4NO3 → Ca(NO3)2+ 2NH3 + 2H2O

(d) (i)
A white precipitate is formed.
Ca^2+(aq) + CO3^2-(aq) → CaCO3(aq)

(d) (ii)
A blue precipitate is formed.
Cu^2+(aq) + 2OH^-(aq) → Cu(OH)2(aq)
參考: 胡雪
2012-02-25 3:17 am
Directly giving answers (for the lazy ones to copy) should be refrained.


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