AS Level Maths - Geometric and Arithmetic sequences?

2012-01-10 5:28 pm
Please can you help me with this question.
-The first three terms of an arithmetic sequence, a, a+d, a+2d, are the same as the first three terms, a ar, ar^2, of a geometric sequence (a is not equal to 0).
Show that this is only possible if r=1 and d=0.

I understand why this is, as it would not be possible for the values to be anything else, as geometric sequences rise exponentially, but I'm not sure how to 'show' it in my answer.
Thank you very much.

回答 (3)

2012-01-10 5:37 pm
✔ 最佳答案
a = a
a + d = ar
a + 2d = ar^2
From the second equation:
ar - a = d
a(r - 1) = d
a = d / (r - 1)
From the third equation:
a - ar^2 = 2d
a(1 - r^2) = 2d
a = (2d) / (1 - r^2)
Combine the above equations:
d / (r - 1) = (2d) / (1 - r^2)
2dr - 2d = d - dr^2
d - dr^2 - 2dr + 2d = 0
3d - 2dr - dr^2 = 0
d(3 - 2r - r^2) = 0
d = 0 or 3 - 2r - r^2 = 0
d = 0 or r^2 + 2r - 3 = 0
In the latter case we have:
r^2 + 3r - r - 3 = 0
r(r + 3) - (r + 3) = 0
(r - 1)(r + 3) = 0
r - 1 = 0 or r + 3 = 0
r = 1 or r = -3

If d = 0 we have:
a = ar
ar - a = 0
a(r - 1) = 0
Since a is not zero, then r - 1 = 0, so r = 1

If r = 1 we have:
a + d = a
a + 2d = a
d = 0

If r = 3 we have:
a + d = 3a, so d = 3a - a = 2a
a + 2d = 9a, so 8a = 2d, so d = 4a
So 2a = 4a, which is impossible because a can't be zero.
(a + 2d) / (a + d) = (a + d) / a
a * (a + 2d) = (a + d) * (a + d)
a^2 + 2ad = a^2 + 2ad + d^2
0 = d^2
0 = d

(a + 2d) / (a + d) =>
(a + 0) / (a + 0) =>
a/a =>
1

So, the common ratio is 1 and the common difference is 0
2016-11-17 4:28 pm
arithmatic sequence eg a million , 4 , 7,10, 13,... u have a wide-unfold term right here this is a million=a and a distinction btw 2 consecutive words as a effect=3=d sum=n/2(2a+(n-a million)d) n=entire no of words 4-a million=3 = 7-4=.... geometric sequence eg 2,4,8,sixteen,.... first term=2=a(it must be any num) ratio= branch of two consecutive words=2=4/2=8/4=r sum=a( a million-r^n)/(a million-r)


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