萊頓瓶如何蒐集電荷

2011-10-22 8:35 pm
萊頓瓶如何蒐集電荷?
更新1:

萊頓瓶如何easy蒐集電荷?

回答 (2)

2011-10-23 6:05 am
✔ 最佳答案
朋友!好危險啊!不要玩電。

萊頓瓶原理

圖片參考:http://attach.maboshi.net/2011/03/56_2011031510130112vqGM.jpg


史上最早的蓄電裝置。1745年荷蘭一名僧侶把插著鐵釘的玻璃瓶接到靜電產生器,結果無意間發現它可以用來蒐集電荷。1746年萊頓大學的一名教授也做了相同的實驗,並且發表於學報上,之後的人就稱此實驗儀器為「萊頓瓶」。隔了將近兩百多年,此實驗仍然是受人歡迎也是令人印象深刻的演示實驗,你準備好被「電」了嗎?

實驗演示
http://experiment.phys.nchu.edu.tw/device/ex52/52-2.JPG
http://experiment.phys.nchu.edu.tw/device/ex52/52-2.JPG

本實驗的萊頓瓶屬於簡易型的,與傳統的萊頓瓶外觀雖然不同,可是效果與原理卻都是一樣的。簡易型萊頓瓶基本構造:將兩個塑膠杯分別以鋁箔包覆(杯口附近留一段空白以防兩鋁箔接觸短路)再疊合,於兩塑膠杯中間插入一片鋁箔當導線,此導線必須與內部鋁箔做連接,這樣即完成簡易型萊頓瓶。 萊頓瓶如何儲存電荷?當萊頓瓶的導線接觸靜電產生器(原理請看實驗之凡得瓦爾球)時,電子會跑到內層的鋁箔上,而另一層鋁箔因靜電感應帶正電。一面帶負電,一面帶正電,兩者互相吸引就達到蓄電的效果。
圖片參考:http://experiment.phys.nchu.edu.tw/device/ex52/52-2.JPG
圖一請一群人手牽手排成長條狀,此時第一人先握住外層鋁箔,最後一人再去接觸導線,當最後一人接觸導線時,萊頓瓶的兩層鋁箔形成通路產生電流,就會讓人有觸電的感覺。

圖片參考:http://memo.cgu.edu.tw/yun-ju/cguweb/sciknow/phystory/FigElectricExp/ElectricExpBody700.gif



1. 萊頓瓶雖有蓄電功能,卻與現在的電池不相關,你知道它們的原理嗎?又為何萊頓瓶無法當電池使用?2.如果我們想要儲存更多的電量於萊頓瓶中,應如何改造這個萊頓瓶呢?










2011-10-23 8:38 pm
A Leyden Jar (萊頓瓶) is just similar to a parallel plate capacitor. It consists of two metal foils lined on the inside and outside of a glass jar. These pieces of metal foils act as the "plates" of a capcitor, whereas the glass jar acts as the "dielectric". The is a metal rod connecting the inside foil to the outside so that the two foils are easily accessible from the boutside.

When the jar is brought near a charging machine, such as a Wimshurst machine or even a small van de Graaff Generator, with the inner foil connected to the machine through the mtal rod. Charges flows from the machine to the inner foil. Because of electrostatic induction, opposite charges are produced on the outer foil, which is ususally earthed.

When is connection to the charging machine is withdrawn, charges are stored in the Leyden Jar.

You may watch the animation given in the following web-page on how to charge and discharge a Leyden Jar.

http://www.magnet.fsu.edu/education/tutorials/java/leydenjar/index.html

The following web-page gives an account of a type of electrostatic charging machine, the Wimshurst machine

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wimshurst_machine



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